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Reproduction Year 3 > Uterine Cancer > Flashcards

Uterine Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

3 types of endometrial hyperplasia

A

simple
complex
atypical

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2
Q

what form of endometrial hyperplasia is a precursor of carcinoma

A

atypical

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3
Q

presentation of endometrial hyperplasia

A 
abnormal bleeding 
(Dysfunctional uterine bleeding or postmenopausal bleeding)
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4
Q

peak incidence age for endometrial carcinoma

A

50-60 years

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5
Q

what are the two types of endometrial carcinoma

A

1) endometrioid carcinoma

2) serous carcinoma

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6
Q

what is the precursor for endometrioid carcinoma

A

atypical hyperplasia

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7
Q

what is the precursor for serous carcinoma

A

serous intraepithelial carcinoma

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8
Q

typical presentation of endometrial carcinoma

A

postmenopausal bleeding
Scanty/occaisional
may be associated with watery discharge

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9
Q

what cell type are most endometrial carcinomas

A

adenocarcinomas

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10
Q

what type of endometrial carcinoma is most common

A

type one (endometrioid carcinoma- 80%)

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11
Q

what is endometrioid carcinoma related to

A

unopposed oestrogen

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12
Q

biggest risk factors for endometrioid carcinoma

A

obesity

diabetes

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13
Q

what is usually mutated in a serous endometrial carcinoma

A

TP53

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14
Q

Who is most likely to get a serous carcinoma

A

elderly post menopausal women

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15
Q

what mutations are associated with endometrioid carcinoma

A

PTEN

KRAS

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16
Q

What is Lynch syndrome

A

cancer predisposition syndrome- high risk of colorectal,ovarian and endometrial cancers

17
Q

how is Lynch syndrome inherited

A

Autosomal dominant DNA mismatch repair gene

18
Q

Is type one or type 2 endometrial cancer more aggressive

A

Type 2 (serous)

19
Q

how do type 2 tumours spread

A

spread along Fallopian tube mucosa + peritoneal surfaces

20
Q

what is a serous carcinoma characterised by

A

complex papillary and/or glandular architecture with diffuse, marked nuclear pleomorphism

21
Q

stages of endometrial cancer

A

Stage 1- confined to uterus
Stage 2- tumour invades cervical stroma
Stage 3- local and or regional tumour spread
Stage 4- tumour invades bladder/bowel

22
Q

what endometrial cancer is associated with adenomyosis + endometriosis

A

endometrial stromal sarcoma

23
Q

how does endometrial stromal sarcoma present

A

abnormal uterine bleeding + vaginal discharge in younger age group (45-50 year olds)

24
Q

what is a malignant smooth muscle tumour that arises in the myometrium called

A

leiomyosarcoma

25
Q

what type of tumour commonly protrudes through the cervical canal

A

carcinosarcoma

Reproduction Year 3 (36 decks)

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