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Reproduction Year 3 > Prescribing in Pregnancy > Flashcards

Prescribing in Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

how might drug absorption be affected in pregnancy

A

may be affected by morning sickness

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2
Q

how might drug distribution be affected in pregnancy

A

increased plasma volume + fat stores –> volume of distribution increases

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3
Q

what other changes in pharmacokinetics are seen in pregnancy

A

decreased protein binding- increased free drug
Increased liver metabolism of some drugs e.g. phenytoin
Elimination of renal excreted drugs increases- due to increased GFR

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4
Q

What period is the fetus at greatest teratogenic risk

A

between 4th-11th week

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5
Q

why is the fetus at greatest risk during this time

A

organogenesis

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6
Q

list some teratogenic drugs

A 
ACEi/ARB
Androgens
Anti-epileptics
Cytotoxics 
Lithium
Methotrexate
Retinoids
Warfarin
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7
Q

what does taking ACEi/ARB cause in pregnancy

A

renal hypoplasia

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8
Q

what does taking lithium in pregnancy cause

A

cardiovascular defects

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9
Q

what does taking methotrexate in pregnancy cause

A

skeletal defects

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10
Q

what anticoagulant does not cross the placenta

A

heparin

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11
Q

If a woman has frequent seizures in pregnancy, how might this affect the foetus?

A

Lower verbal IQ
Hypoxia
Bradycardia
Antenatal death

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12
Q

anti-epileptic drugs that should be avoided in pregnancy

A

valproate

phenytoin

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13
Q

is insulin safe in pregnancy?

A

Yes

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14
Q

which diabetes medication is not safe in pregnancy

A

sulfonylureas

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15
Q

BP medication safe in pregnancy

A

labetalol

methyldopa

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16
Q

treatment of nausea/vomiting in pregnancy

A

cyclizine

17
Q

which antibiotic is NOT safe in pregnancy

A

gentamicin

18
Q

Treatment of UTI in 1st + 2nd trimester

A

Nitrofurantoin or cefalexin

19
Q

treatment of UTI in 3rd trimester

A

Trimethoprim

20
Q

DVT prophylaxis

A

LMWH

21
Q

What problem does taking amiodarone while breastfeeding cause

A

neonatal hypothyroidism

22
Q

what problem does taking cytotoxics (e.g. azathioprine/methotrexate) while breastfeeding cause

A

bone marrow suppression

23
Q

what problem does taking benzodiazepines while breastfeeding cause

A

drowsiness

24
Q

what drug suppresses lactation

A

bromocriptine

25
Q

antibiotic that causes staining of the bones + teeth in kids

A

tetracycline

26
Q

anti-epileptic drug associated with clef palate

A

phenytoin

27
Q

anti-epileptic drug associated with neural tube defects

A

valproate

28
Q

examples of neural tube defects

A

spina bifida

anencephaly

29
Q

which antibiotic causes grey baby syndrome

A

chloramphenicol

Reproduction Year 3 (36 decks)

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