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Reproduction Year 3 > Benign Breast Conditions > Flashcards

Benign Breast Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

most common breast lesion

A

fibrocytic change

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2
Q

ill defined thickening/lumpiness of breast in female 40-55 yrs.
most likely?

A

fibrocytic change

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3
Q

microscopic appearance of fibrocystic change

A

combination of cyst formation, apocrine metaplasia, fibrosis, epithelial proliferation

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4
Q

describe the cysts in fibrocystic change

A

localised dilatation of lobular + terminal ductules
multiple + <1cm
thin walled
blue appearance on microscope

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5
Q

presentation of fibrocystic change

A

ill defined thickening/lumpiness

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6
Q

painless, firm, mobile mass in female <30

most likely?

A

fibroadenoma

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7
Q

pathology of fibroadenoma

A

localised hyperplasia – well defined mass

- proliferation of intralobular stroma

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8
Q

who is fibroadenoma common in

A

young females

more common in africans

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9
Q

what is a tubular adenoma

A

benign circumscribed lesion

similar presentation to fibroadenoma

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10
Q

who gets a tubular adenoma

A

30-40 year olds

40% related to pregnancy

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11
Q

what is a hamartoma

A

disordered collection of lobules, stroma + fat

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12
Q

presentation of hamartoma

A

well defined mass - often impalpable + detected by mammogram
can occur at any age but more common pre menopause

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13
Q

presentation of sclerosis adenosis

A

often detected by mammogram

but can present as pain, tenderness, lumpiness/thickening

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14
Q

sclerosis adenosis on mammogram

A

microcalcification - can be mistaken for invasive carcinoma

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15
Q

appearance of a radial scar on mammogram

A

spiculate mass

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16
Q

pathology of radial scar

A

central fibrous scarring + entrapped tubular structures

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17
Q

presentation of duct papilloma

A

nipple discharge - might be blood stained

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18
Q

describe a central duct papilloma

A

usually larger, single, occurs in main nipple ducts

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19
Q

describe a peripheral duct papilloma

A

smaller, multiple, associated with hyperplasia

– increased risk of carcinoma

20
Q

presentation of phyllodes tumour

A

fast growing, unilateral well defined mass.

middle aged-elderly females

21
Q

microscopic appearance of phyllodes tumour

A

‘leaf like’ clefts of epithelium

22
Q

most common organism in acute pyogenic mastitis

A

staph aureus

23
Q

most common cause of acute pyogenic mastitis

A

lactation – infection via ducts/abrasion of the nipple

24
Q

Tx of acute pyogenic mastitis

A

send them home with hot compress + encourage breast feeding
give flucloxacillin if not improved with 24 hours
percutaneous drainage if abscess

25
Q

presentation of TB in the breast

A

caeseating lesion

26
Q

presentation of duct ectasia

A

nipple discharge -bloody and/or purulent

27
Q

pathology of duct ectasia

A

dilatation of ducts containing foamy macrophages + surrounding chronic infiltrate + periductal fibrosis

28
Q

feels like a ‘bag of worms’

A

duct ectasia

29
Q

what is duct ectasia associated with

A

smoking

30
Q

what is a galactocele

A

cystic swelling of a lactiferous duct that develops during lactation
NOT PAINFUL

31
Q

what is contained in a galactocele

A

contains creamy, lipid rich fluid that gradually becomes watery

32
Q

Tx of galactocele

A

drainage via FNA

33
Q

who are breast abscesses most common in

A

lactating postpartum women

34
Q

presentation of abscess

A

tenderness, pain, swelling

35
Q

Tx of breast abscess

A

drainage with no.18 gauge needle

  • repeat every 3 days if >10ml pus
  • flucloxacillin
36
Q

what is periductal mastitis

A

non-lactational/pregnancy related mastitis

37
Q

who gets periductal mastitis

A

smokers

38
Q

Tx of periductal mastitis

A

augmenting 625mg orally every 8hrs for 7 days
OR
Cephalexin 500mg orally every 6-7hrs for 7 days

39
Q

what is fat necrosis

A

damage + disruption of adipocytes due to injury to fatty breast parenchyma

40
Q

presentation of fat necrosis

A

hard lump

- granulomatous response with subsequent fibrosis + calcification

41
Q

what is mastalgia

A

breast pain

42
Q

presentation of cyclical mastalgia

A

premenopausal women- average age 34
discomfort/fullness/heaviness
can be unilateral/bilateral

43
Q

presentation of non-cyclical mastalgia

A

older women - average age of 43

continuous burning pain

44
Q

Tx of mastalgia

A

good fitting bra
topical NSAID
primrose oil

gamolenic acid/tamoxifen/bromocriptine if severe

45
Q

what does bilateral milky discharge suggest

A

galactorrhea

46
Q

drugs that can cause gynaecomastia

A

digoxin
spironolactone
anti-oestrogens

Reproduction Year 3 (36 decks)

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