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Reproduction Year 3 > Large for Dates > Flashcards

Large for Dates Flashcards

1
Q

why might a female be large for dates

A

wrong dates- more pregnant than she thought!
Fetal macrosomia
Polyhydramnios
Multiple pregnancy

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2
Q

what is fetal macrosomia

A

‘big baby’

>90th centile

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3
Q

presentation of polyhydramnios

A

tense shiny abdomen

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4
Q

caused of polyhydramnios

A

maternal diabetes
fetal anomaly
monochorionic twin pregnancy
Hydrops fetalis

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5
Q

what is hydrops fetalis

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in 2 or more fetal compartments

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6
Q

Investigation for polyhydramnios

A

USS

Serology (toxoplasmosis, CMV, parvovirus)

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7
Q

what does monozygotic twins mean

A

splitting of a single fertilised egg

identical twins

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8
Q

what does dizygotic twins mean

A

fertilisation of 2 ova by 2 sperm

non identical twins

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9
Q

which type of twin pregnancy is at higher risk of complications?

A

monozygotic

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10
Q

What is chorionicity

A

membrane pattern

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11
Q

what does monochorionic mean

A

one membrane

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12
Q

how is twin chorionicity determined

A

USS- shape + thickness of the membrane

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13
Q

What does a Lambda sign on USS mean

A

Dichorionic diamniotic

(Two membranes, two amniotic sacs

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14
Q

what does T sign on USS mean

A

Monochorionic diamniotic

One membrane, two amniotic sacs

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15
Q

signs/symptoms of multiple pregnancy

A

Excessive sickness
High AFP
Large for dates
Multiple fetal poles

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16
Q

maternal complications of multiple pregnancy

A 
Hyperemesis gravidarum (excessive N+V)
Aenaemia
Pre-eclampsia
Antepartum haemorrhage 
C-section
17
Q

fetal complications of multiple pregnancy

A 
Congenital abnormality 
pre-term labour 
growth restriction
cerebral palsy 
twin-twin transfusion syndrome
18
Q

what is given to women with a multiple pregnancy to prevent complications

A

Give Iron, folic acid, low dose aspirin

19
Q

what is gestational diabetes

A

carbohydrate intolerance resulting in hyperglycaemia of variable severity with onset during pregnancy

20
Q

complications of gestational diabetes

A

overgrowth of insulin sensitive tissues in the fetus- macrosomia
hyperaemic state in uterus
Neonatal hypoglycaemia

21
Q

when is gestational diabetes screened for

A

28 weeks

22
Q

Diagnostic values for gestational diabetes

A

fasting > 5.1 mmol/l

2 hours > 8.5 mmol/l

23
Q

1st line management for gestational diabetes

A

diet, lose weight, exercise

24
Q

2nd line management for gestational diabetes

A

metformin

insulin

Reproduction Year 3 (36 decks)

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