Pelvic Mass Flashcards
most common uterine mass
fibroids
presentation of fibroids
may be asymptomatic Incidental finding Menorrhagia Pelvic mass Pain/tenderness pressure symptoms
what are fibroids
leiomyomas - benign smooth muscle tumours
Fibroids are most common in what age group
> 40
Post menopausal women
first line investigation for fibroid
USS
treatment of fibroid
nothing if the patient is asymptomatic hysterectomy if woman not wanting any more children Alternatives: myomectomy hysteroscopic resection
which investigation allows more precise localisation of a fibroid
MRI
what is protective against ovarian cancer
the combined oral contraceptive pill
what is a functional cyst
ovarian cyst related to ovulation, rarely >5cm
Resolve spontaneously
Often asymptomatic
May bleed or rupture and cause pain
buzz word for endometriotic cysts on USS
Chocolate cysts
Presentation of endometriotic cysts
Dysmenhorrhoea, dyspareunia, tender mass with nodularity + tenderness behind uterus
tumour markers for ovarian cancer
CA 125
Carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA)
features of CA 125
Raised in 80% of ovarian cancers but normal levels do not exclude cancer
what else can raise CA 125
Endometriosis Peritonitis Pregnancy Ascites Pancreatitis
what type of tumours especially see a rise in CEA
mucinous tumours
