Urogenitary System Flashcards
Which structures are part of the urinogenitary system?
kidneys
ureters
urinary bladder
urethra
What do gonadal vessels supply?
Gonadal vessels supply ovaries/testes crossing over psoas major
Where are ureters located?
Start at renal pelvis and terminate in bladder trigone
Ureters lie on psoas major anterior surface
Describe the structure of ureters
muscular vessels undergo peristalsis to move urine along
What is the function of ureters?
Convey urine from kidneys to bladder
Which sites along the ureter can lead to urolithiasis?
The three sites of constriction leading to blockage are:
- Leaving renal pelvis
- Crossing pelvic brim
- Passing through bladder wall
What method is used to view ureters?
seen using intravenous pyelogram/urogram (IVP/IVU)
What is the detrusor muscle?
Smooth muscle forming the bladder wall
What nervous systems innervate the detrusor muscle?
sympathetic - lumbar spinal cord
parasympathetic - sacral spinal cord
What are rugae?
When bladder is empty the setrusor muscle is highly folded forming rugae - extend when fills
Which structures form the trigone?
2 ureter openings
Internal urethra meatus
What is the prostate gland function?
In males forms seminal fluid
How do testes receive blood?
Testicular arteries arising from anterior surface of abdominal aorta
What is the significance of the trigone area?
The area is very sensitive to expansion
once stretched to a certain degree, the urinary bladder signals the brain of its need to empty
What is the rectovesical pouch?
A sac between the rectum and urinary bladder in males; formed by folding of the peritoneum
What are the 3 parts of the male urethra?
Prostatic
- passing through prostrate
Membranous
- shorter; passes through pelvic floor
Spongy
- through shaft of penis terminating at navicular fossa
Which structures form the penis?
corpus cavernosum (x2) corpus spongiosum - where urethra passes navicular fossa
What is the function of the corpus cavernosum?
Fills with 90% of the blood involved in an erection, increasing both in length and in diameter
What is the function of the corpus spongiosum?
Prevents compression of the urethra during erection
What is the Ductus (vas) deferens?
Muscular tube carrying spermatoza from testes to prostratic urethra
Where is the ductus vas deferens located?
Runs from testes through inguinal canal in the spermatic cord
crosses external iliac vessels and joins spermatic vesicles forming the ejaculatory duct
Where does the ejaculatory duct lead to?
Opens into prostatic urethra
How long are the male and female urethras?
Male - ~20 cm
Female ~4-5 cm
Where is the female urethra located?
Anterior and parallel to the vagina
