Structure of the Heart Flashcards
Name the 4 chambers of the heart
Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
Left atrium
What is the difference between the left and right ventricle?
Left ventricular wall is thicker causing higher pressure and contraction
Name the valves of the heart
Tricuspid (RA->RV)
Pulmonary (RA-> Pulm.)
Mitral (LA->LV)
Aortic (LV->aorta)
How many pulmonary veins are there?
4 in total
2 right and 2 left
What structures are found on the right side of the heart?
Right atrium Superior and Inferior Vena Cava Tricuspid valve Chordae Tendinae Pulmonary trunk
What structures are present inside the right atrium?
SVC, IVC Fossa ovalis Coronary sinus Musculi Pectinati Crista terminalis
What is the fossa ovalis?
depression in the right atrium of the heart (is the foramen ovale during embryological development)
What is the role of the chordae tendinae?
Hold the tricuspid valves in place during systole to prevent them folding back up into the atria under high pressure
What are chrodae tendinae?
Cords attached to papillary muscles that pull open the tricuspid/mitral valves during systole
What are papillary muscles held in place by?
Papillary muscles connect to trabeculae carneae
Which structures are present in the right ventricle?
Tricuspid valve Chordae tendineae Papillary muscles Trabeculae carneae Infundibulum Pulmonary (SL) valve Pulmonary trunk
What is the infundibulum?
Smooth walled portion of right ventricle leading to the pulmonary trunk
Where is the apex of the heart located?
IC5 (5th intercostal space) along midclavicular line
- can feel pulsation of apex beat
- mitral valve sounds best heard here too
What are the trabecular carnae?
Ridges of the rough portion of right ventricular wall
What are musculi pectinati?
Muscular ridges in the right atrium
