Nasal and Oral Cavity

Question 1

What is the nasal septum?

Answer 1

Septal bone separating the 2 nostrils (nasal cavities)

Question 2

Name the nasal conchae

Answer 2

Inferior, middle and superior conchae

Question 3

What is the function of the nasal conchae?

Answer 3

Increase SA allowing rapid warming and humidification of air as it passes to lungs
Divides Nasal septum into 3 portions (Inferior, middle and superior meatuses)

Question 4

What are the 4 paranasal sinuses

Answer 4

Frontal (L & R forehead)
Ethmoid sinus (behind nose)
Maxillary Sinus (below cheeks, above molar teeth)
Sphenoid sinus (in the sphenoid bone)

Question 5

What are the functions of the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 5

Voice resonance
Filter & moisture air
Lighten the skull
Provide mucus to protect nose

Question 6

What are nasal meatuses?

Answer 6

Nasal passages divided by nasal conchae in the nasal cavity (inferior, middle and superior)
superior is thinnest

Question 7

What are the names of the jaw bones?

Answer 7

Maxilla (upper jaw)

Mandible (lower jaw)

Question 8

Describe the structure of the hyoid bone?

Answer 8

Slender U shaped bone suspended below the mandible

Question 9

What are the functions of the hyoid bone?

Answer 9

Holds up the tongue (sits above it) and the holds up the larynx (hangs below hyoid)
transmits force of muscles that open the jaw

Question 10

What structure covers the tongue?

Answer 10

Mucus membrane which is continuous with the mucus membrane covering floor of mouth and alveolar process (gum)

Question 11

Name and describe the different papillae on the tongue

Answer 11

Fungiform (lateral)
Filiform (medial) papillae on anterior ⅔ of tongue
Circumvallate papillae form a v shape posteriorly

Question 12

Where is the pharynx located?

Answer 12

Extends from base of the occipit down to top of clavicle

Question 13

What name is given to the pharynx as it passes from the nasal cavity to the larynx?

Answer 13

Posterior to nasal cavity - nasopharynx
Behind oral cavity - oropharynx
Behind larynx - laryngopharynx

Question 14

What is the function of the eustachian tube?

Answer 14

connects middle ear to nasopharynx
controls pressure within ear, matching it to outside air pressure
- opens when we yawn or sneeze

Question 15

Describe the location of the eustachian tube

Answer 15

Opens onto lateral wall of pharynx, immediately posterior to nasal cavity floor

Question 16

Name and describe the location of the tonsils forming Waldeyer’s ring of lymphatic tissue

Answer 16

Pharyngeal lies superiorly
Palatine tonsils lie laterally
Lingual tonsils lie inferior

these are along the posterior wall of the nasopharynx

Question 17

What is the function of the larynx?

Answer 17

Controls the passage of air, into and out of the trachea

Question 18

Name the salivary glands and their location

Answer 18

Parotid - between ramus and external ear
Submandibular - under body of the mandible
Sublingual - lies along base of tongue

Question 19

Where does saliva from the parotid duct go?

Answer 19

Passes into parotid duct which runs anteriorly from the parotid gland , piercing the buccinator cheek muscle

Question 20

What is the pharynx?

Answer 20

Muscular tube

open anteriorly and runs behind the nose, mouth and larynx

Question 21

What marks the division between nasopharynx and oropharynx?

Answer 21

The soft palate differentiates between naso- and oropharynx

Question 22

What marks the difference between the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx?

Answer 22

The epiglottis