Urinary System (AP)

Question 1

Is composed of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra and function in the excretory process

Answer 1

Urinary System

Question 2

The structure that stores urine in the body until elimination

Answer 2

urinary bladder

Question 3

The pair of organs that regulate fluid balance and filter waste from the blood

Answer 3

Kidneys

Question 4

The outer layer of the kidney

Answer 4

Renal Cortex

Question 5

The innermost part of the kidney

Answer 5

renal medulla

Question 6

Liquid waste excreted by the kidneys

Answer 6

Urine

Question 7

The two branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the kidneys

Answer 7

renal arteries

Question 8

A system of microscopic tubes in the kidneys that use various pressure levels to remove wastes and reabsorb important molecules and water

Answer 8

nephron

Question 9

A network of capillaries from which blood pressure pushes water, salt, glucose, amino acids, and urea from the blood

Answer 9

glomerulus

Question 10

Materials, including water, that leave the blood through the walls of the glomerular capillaries to enter the Bowman’s capsule​​​​​​​

Answer 10

filtrate

Question 11

The first location where glucose and other useful solutes are reabsorbed back into the blood through the walls of surrounding capillaries. It connects the Bowman’s capsule to the Loop of Henle

Answer 11

proximal tubule

Question 12

The duct that delivers urine from the kidney to the bladder

Answer 12

ureter

Question 13

A vein carrying blood from a kidney to the inferior vena cava

Answer 13

renal vein

Question 14

A molecule found in a living thing that contains carbon

Answer 14

Organic Molecule

Question 15

An enzyme released by the kidney when reduced blood pressure is detected by baroreceptors in aorta and carotid arteries

Answer 15

renin

Question 16

Which of the following parts of the male urinary system also transports sperm?​​​​​​​

Answer 16

Urethra

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the outcome if the kidneys stopped functioning?

Answer 17

Without kidneys that function properly, the human body would not be able to filter out waste in the blood.

Question 18

Which of the following waste products from digestion does the kidney remove?​​​​​​​

Answer 18

Nitrogen

Nitrogen in the form of urea in the urine results from the metabolism of proteins.

Question 19

Which of the following structures is the structural and functional unit of the kidney?​​​​​​​

Answer 19

Nephron

The nephron is the microscopic tubule system that filters and reabsorbs.

Question 20

In two to three sentences, explain the role of blood pressure and the kidney.​​​​​​​

Answer 20

The pressure of the blood helps the glomerulus filter out wastes and return vital nutrients through the renal vein to the blood. Renin is a hormone that is released by the kidneys and helps to regulate blood pressure by retaining or removing water and salt.