Urinary System (AP) Flashcards
Is composed of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra and function in the excretory process
Urinary System
The structure that stores urine in the body until elimination
urinary bladder
The pair of organs that regulate fluid balance and filter waste from the blood
Kidneys
The outer layer of the kidney
Renal Cortex
The innermost part of the kidney
renal medulla
Liquid waste excreted by the kidneys
Urine
The two branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the kidneys
renal arteries
A system of microscopic tubes in the kidneys that use various pressure levels to remove wastes and reabsorb important molecules and water
nephron
A network of capillaries from which blood pressure pushes water, salt, glucose, amino acids, and urea from the blood
glomerulus
Materials, including water, that leave the blood through the walls of the glomerular capillaries to enter the Bowman’s capsule
filtrate
The first location where glucose and other useful solutes are reabsorbed back into the blood through the walls of surrounding capillaries. It connects the Bowman’s capsule to the Loop of Henle
proximal tubule
The duct that delivers urine from the kidney to the bladder
ureter
A vein carrying blood from a kidney to the inferior vena cava
renal vein
A molecule found in a living thing that contains carbon
Organic Molecule
An enzyme released by the kidney when reduced blood pressure is detected by baroreceptors in aorta and carotid arteries
renin
Which of the following parts of the male urinary system also transports sperm?
Urethra
Which of the following best describes the outcome if the kidneys stopped functioning?
Without kidneys that function properly, the human body would not be able to filter out waste in the blood.
Which of the following waste products from digestion does the kidney remove?
Nitrogen
Nitrogen in the form of urea in the urine results from the metabolism of proteins.
Which of the following structures is the structural and functional unit of the kidney?
Nephron
The nephron is the microscopic tubule system that filters and reabsorbs.
In two to three sentences, explain the role of blood pressure and the kidney.
The pressure of the blood helps the glomerulus filter out wastes and return vital nutrients through the renal vein to the blood. Renin is a hormone that is released by the kidneys and helps to regulate blood pressure by retaining or removing water and salt.
