4.2

Question 1

Evidence generated through experimentation

Answer 1

empirical evidence

Question 2

The conditions in an experiment that may be changed or manipulated

Answer 2

variables

Question 3

A substance with no medicinal effect that can be used as a control in an experiment

Answer 3

Placebo

Question 4

The condition that is manipulated or changed in an experiment

Answer 4

independent variable

Question 5

The condition that is kept the same in an experiment

Answer 5

controlled variable

Question 6

Researchers conducted an experiment on the effects of a new anti-mold product. Which of the following is the dependent variable that should be measured to establish an effect in this experiment?​​​​​​​

Answer 6

Amount of mold growth

The amount of mold growth is the dependent variable. This variable should be measured to determine the effect of the new anti-mold product.

Question 7

Write three to five sentences describing the possible sequence of events of how the human body responds to high temperatures.

Answer 7

When your body temperature increases above 37°C (98.6°F), nerve cells send a signal to the brain. The brain then sends a signal to your sweat glands and you begin sweating. The perspiration helps to cool the skin, resulting in lowered body temperatures.

Question 8

An informed guess about a causal relationship that is generated by observation and initial data collection

Answer 8

hypothesis

Question 9

A prediction of what will occur in an experiment based on previous research

Answer 9

scientific hypothesis