Endocrine System (AP) Flashcards
A mechanism that includes the monitoring for specific homeostatic levels and a signal to a gland. This signal stimulates or inhibits the gland’s secretion in order to maintain homeostasis or cause compensations that returns the level to homeostasis
Negative feedback
The gland in the neck that secretes hormones that regulate growth, development, and metabolic rate
thyroid
An endocrine gland in the neck that produces parathyroid hormone
Parathyroid
The lymphoid organ that produces T-cells
Thymus
A gland above the kidney that produces hormones to regulate heart rate, blood pressure, and other functions
adrenal
The gland of the digestive and endocrine systems that produces insulin and secretes pancreatic juices
Pancreas
A small gland near the center of the brain that secretes melatonin
Pineal Gland
No question just look at this picture I am sure it’ll come up eventually
The monomers used to build polysaccharides; also molecules made of two or a few monosaccharide units that are used for fuel in the body
Sugars
A gland that secretes hormones. A duct-less gland
endocrine gland
A polar, water-soluble hormone released by the adrenals in response to stress. Also known as adrenaline
epinephrine
Pathologically high blood sugar levels that result from a pancreatic hormone regulation malfunction
Diabetes
A malfunction of regulatory feedback loops leading to the overproduction of thyroid hormone
hyperthyroidism
Excessive growth resulting from overproduction of growth hormone
Gigantism
A secretion of the anterior pituitary that stimulates tissue growth. Also known as somatotropin
growth hormone
A secretion from the pituitary gland that increases the amount of water able to be reabsorbed from a collecting duct
antidiuretic hormone
A mechanism that stimulates glandular secretions to continue to increase, temporarily pushing levels further out of homeostasis, until a particular biological effect is reached (e.g., expulsion of the fetus during childbirth)
Positive Feedback
Chemical messengers that stimulate the production of certain hormones
releasing hormones
Chemical messengers that restrict the production of certain hormones
inhibiting hormones
Which of the following best describes the kind of message sent in the endocrine system?
Chemical signals that travel through the bloodstream
Which of the following structures secretes releasing hormones?
The hypothalamus integrates the endocrine and nervous system. It secretes both releasing and inhibiting hormones, which are sent to the pituitary gland.
Which of the following is a function of the pineal gland?
Releasing melatonin
Which of the following glands releases epinephrine during stress?
Adrenal glands
In three to five sentences, explain what happens to the levels of blood glucose and hormones after eating.
After eating food, blood glucose levels rise. The pancreas responds by releasing insulin, which promotes glucose being taken up by cells. This leads to a decrease in blood glucose level because glucose leaves the bloodstream.
