S.3.5 - Understanding Properties of Solutions

Question 1

A specific type of diffusion in which water moves across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Answer 1

Osmosis

Question 2

The tendency of similar molecules to stick to each other or group together

Answer 2

Cohesion

Question 3

A measure of how well dissimilar particles or surfaces cling to one another

Answer 3

Adhesiveness

Question 4

The substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution

Answer 4

Solvent

Question 5

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances whose components are uniformly distributed on a microscopic scale

Answer 5

Solution

Question 6

The substance that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution

Answer 6

Solute

Question 7

A solution containing the maximum possible amount of solute

Answer 7

saturated solution

Question 8

A solution that has been raised to a higher temperature in order to dissolve more solute than would be possible at room temperature

Answer 8

supersaturated solution

Question 9

The quantity of solute in a given quantity of solution

Answer 9

concentration of a solution

Question 10

The addition of solvent to decrease the concentration of solute in a solution

Answer 10

dilution

Question 11

Not a question just memorize these formulas

Answer 11

Molarity = moles of solute ÷ liters of solution (mol/L)
Mole fraction = moles of solute ÷ total moles present (mol/mol)
Molality = moles of solute / kg of solvent (mol/kg)
Mass percentage = (mass of solute [g] ÷ mass of solution [g]) × 100
Parts per thousand (ppt) = g solute ÷ kg solution
Parts per million (ppm) = mg solute ÷ kg solution
Parts per billion (ppb) = mcg solute ÷ kg solution

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true?​​​​​​​

A) In a solution, solutes constitute a greater proportion.
B) The solubility of solid solutes increases with increase in temperature.
C) Vitamins with hydrophobic structures are water soluble.
D) The solubility of gas increases with increase in temperature.​​​​​​​

Answer 12

B

The solubility of most solid and liquid solutes increases with increase in temperature.

The other answers are stating the opposite of what is true (Solvents constitute a greater proportion, Vitamins that are hydrophilic structures are water soluble, the solubility of gas decreases)

Question 13

Concentrations of sodium dissolved in water are higher inside the cell than outside. Which of the following best predicts which way the water will flow?

Answer 13

Water will move from its high concentration (outside the cell) to the lower concentration (inside the cell).

During osmosis, water moves from areas of high concentration to low concentration.

Question 14

Which of the following describes the process of diffusion?​​​​​​​

Answer 14

It is the movement of a substance from areas of high concentration to low concentration.