Skeletal System (AP)

Question 1

A disease that causes brittle, fragile bones

Answer 1

Osteoporosis

Question 2

Degenerative joint disease

Answer 2

osteoarthritis

Question 3

Hyaline cartilage in long bones where bone elongation happens. Also known as the epiphyseal plate

Answer 3

growth plate

Question 4

Places in the skeletal system where bones meet other bones. Some joints are movable, and some are immovable because the bones are fused together

Answer 4

joints

Question 5

Point of articulation that allows for abduction, adduction, circumduction, and rotation.

Answer 5

ball-and-socket joints

The hip socket is one example of a ball and socket joint

Question 6

Joints, such as those between the plates of the skull, that do not allow motion​​​​​​​

Answer 6

immovable

Question 7

A tough connective tissue that attaches bone to bone

Answer 7

ligaments

Question 8

The kind of connective tissue that protects bone in articulating joints

Answer 8

hyaline cartilage

Question 9

The primary structural protein of connective tissue

Answer 9

cartilage

Question 10

Tubular structures that make up compact bone

Answer 10

Osteons

Question 10

A joint that allows for flexion and extension of the more distal bone along only one plane

Answer 10

Hinge Joint

Question 11

Bone containing densely packed osteons that make up the peripheral layer of bone

Answer 11

Compact (Dense) Bone

Question 12

star-shaped cells that maintain bone and are able to sense physical stresses

Answer 12

Osteocytes

Question 13

Microscopic pits in bones that contain osteocytes and connect to each other within an osteon by way of canaliculi

Answer 13

Lacunae

Question 14

A thin layer that surrounds bone and is the surface for attachment of tendons and ligaments

Answer 14

Periostium

Question 15

Cells that remove bone

Answer 15

Osteoclasts

Question 16

Cells that build bone

Answer 16

Osteoblasts

Question 17

The contracting muscle in the pair of muscles that is involved in a given movement; also called the agonist

Answer 17

Prime Mover

Question 18

The relaxed muscle in the pair of muscles that is involved in a given movement

Answer 18

antagonist

Question 19

Which of the following are considered short bones?​​​​​​​

Answer 19

Carpals and tarsals

Carpals and tarsals are examples of short bones. They have the same length and width.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the purpose of hyaline cartilage in the skeletal system?​​​​​​​

Answer 20

It reduces friction at joints.​​​​​​​

The covering at the end of long bones, where joints form, needs hyaline cartilage to reduce the friction of movement.

Question 21

Which of the following best explains the cause of osteoporosis?​​​​​​​

Answer 21

Osteoclasts break down bone faster than osteoblasts deposit minerals.

More bone is being broken down than is being built up, causing bones to weaken and become brittle.