Urinary Incontinence Flashcards
what is urinary incontinence?
the involuntary loss of urinew
what is urge urinary incontinence?
involuntary loss of urine associated with urgency
what are some risk factors for urinary incontinence?
obesity
HRT
hysterectomy
smoking
what is stress urinary incontinence?
involuntary loss of urine on effort or physical exertion
what causes stress urinary incontinence?
when intravesical pressure exceeds urethral closing pressure
what are the two mechanisms of stress urinary incontinence?
urethral hypermobility due to impaired pelvic floor support
intrinsic sphincter deficiency due to denervation or weakness of the sphincter
what are the conservative management options for stress urinary incontinence?
weight loss
pelvic floor muscle training
incontinence ring
what are the medical management options for stress urinary incontinence?
vaginal oestrogen
duloxetine (the last line option)
what are the surgical management options for stress urinary incontinence?
bulking agents
fascial slings
colposuspension
what is overactive bladder syndrome (OAB)?
urinary urgency accompanied by increased frequency in the absence of other detectable disease
what are the two types of OAB?
dry - no incontinence
wet - with incontinence
what are some possible causes of OAB?
idiopathic (most common)
neurogenic
secondary to pelvic floor surgery
how does OAB present?
frequency urgency may have incontinence nocturia nocturnal enuresis noticeable provoking factors
what are the conservative management options for OAB?
fluid management
weight loss
bladder retraining
what are the medical management options for OAB?
vaginal oestrogen
anti-cholinergics
beta 3 adrenoceptor agonists
desmopressin
