Breast Imaging Flashcards
what are the two standard techniques for imaging the breasts?
mammography
ultrasound
what views are taken in mammography?
mediolateral oblique
craniocaudal
when is breast screening with mammography done?
50-70 year olds
higher risk patients >40
when is mammography used as a symptomatic assessment tool?
for patients >40
what image guided techniques can mammography be used for?
biopsy
vacuum assisted excision (VAE)
localisation
how do benign breast lesions appear on ultrasound?
wide
well defined
anechoic or hypoechoic
how do malignant breast lesions appear on ultrasound?
wide
ill defined
hypoechoic and heterogenous
name two advanced mammographic techniques
tomosynthesis
contrast enhanced spectral mammography
how does tomosynthesis work?
a 3D technique where images are taken at different angles in an arc and then the image is reconstructed
when does tomosynthesis have low sensitivity?
in very dense breasts
when is tomosynthesis indicated?
assessing mammographic abnormalities
screening - for denser breasts
name three advanced breast ultrasound techniques
elastography
contrast enhanced USS
automated breast ultrasound (ABUS)
what are the two types of elastography?
strain
shear wave
what is measured in elastography?
tissue stiffness - cancer tends to be stiffer than normal tissue and benign lesions
what contrast agent is used for contrast enhanced MRI of the breasts?
IV gadolinium
