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Medicine 2 Week 6 - 11 > Upper Limb Review Nasher > Flashcards

Upper Limb Review Nasher Flashcards

1
Q

Vertebral Level of Hyoid Bone

A

C3/4

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2
Q

Arterial supply of thyroid

A

The superior thyroid artery (STA) arising from the external carotid artery (ECA), and the inferior thyroid artery (ITA) branching from the thyrocervical trunk

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3
Q

Ends of the clavicle

A

Sternum/Manubrium

Acromion

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4
Q

Clavicular Ligaments

A

Sternoclavicular
Costoclavicular
Interclavicular

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5
Q

What muscles originate at the clavicle

A

Deltoid
Pectoralis Major
Sternocleidomastoid

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6
Q

What muscle inserts at the clavicle

A

Trapezius

Subclavius

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7
Q

What structures are at risk with a clavicular fracture

A

Brachial plexus

Subclavian aa/vv

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8
Q

Serratus anterior origin

A

1st-8th ribs

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9
Q

Serratus anterior Action

A

Protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall

Rotates scapula

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10
Q

Serratus Anterior Innervation

A

Long Thoracic Nerve

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11
Q

Subclavius Action

A

Anchors and depresses clavicle at sternoclavicular joint

**Dont learn too much

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12
Q

Latissimus Dorsi (superficial) Action

A

Extends, adducts and medially rotates humerus

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13
Q

Latissimus Dorsi (superficial) Innervation

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve

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14
Q

Levator scapulae (deep) action

A

Elevates scapula

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15
Q

Levator scapulae (deep) innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C3, C4)

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16
Q

Rhomboid Major and Minor (deep) action

A

Retract scapula

Fix scapula to thoracic wall

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17
Q

Rhomboid Major and Minor (deep) innervation

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

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18
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles

A

SITS

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis

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19
Q

Shoulder Muscles supplied by Axillary Nerve

A

Deltoid

Teres Minor

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20
Q

Shoulder Muscles supplied by SuprascapularNerve

A

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

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21
Q

Shoulder Muscles supplied by Subscapular Nerve

A

Subscapularis

Teres Major

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22
Q

Quadrangular Space Contents

A

Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery & Vein and Axillary Nerve

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23
Q

Triangular Space Contents

A

Scapular Circumflex Artery and Vein

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24
Q

Contents of Axilla

A 
Axillary Artery
Axillary Vein
Brachial Plexus
Axillary Lymph Nodes
Axillary Sheath
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25
Q

Parts of Axillary Artery

A

Between lateral aspect of 1st rib and medial aspet of pec minor - Superior Thoracic Artery
Posterior of pec minor - Thoracocacromial & Lateral Thoracic Arteries
Between Lateral aspect of pec minor and Teres Major - Subscapular. Ant & Post Circumflex Humeral Arteries

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26
Q

What are the two main veins draining into the axillary vein

A

Basilic/Cephalic Veins

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27
Q

Where does most of the breast lymph drain into

A

Axillary Lymph Nodes

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28
Q

Important Fracture Sites of the Humerus

A

Surgical Neck
Midshaft
Supracondylar Region
Medial Epicondyle

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29
Q

What is most commonly affected by a fracture in the surgical neck of the humerus

A

Axillary Nerve & Circumflex Humeral Artery

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30
Q

What is most commonly affected by a fracture in the radial groove of the humerus

A

Radial Nerve & Profunda Brachii Artery

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31
Q

What is most commonly affected by a fracture in the shaft of the humerus

A

Median Nerve and Brachial Artery

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32
Q

What nerve runs superficial to the Medial Epicondyle

A

Ulnar Nerve

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33
Q

Muscles of Anterior Arm

A

BBC
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

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34
Q

Innervation of Arm Flexors

A

Musculocutaneous Nerve

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35
Q

Function of Coracobrachialis

A

Adduction and flexion of the arm at the shoulder joint

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36
Q

Function of Brachialis

A

Strong flexion of forearm at the elbow joint

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37
Q

Main Veins of the Arm

A

2 Brachial Beins (Deep)

Basilic and Cephalic Veins (Superficial)

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38
Q

Why does the medial fragment of the clavicle displace superiorly in a clavicle fracture

A

Action of the SCM

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39
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis

SITS

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40
Q

Action of Supraspinatus

A

Initiation of Abduction (First 15 Degrees) (I Think)

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41
Q

What might be injured inferiorly to a clavicle fracture

A

Subclavian Vessels
Brachial Plexus
Lungs

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42
Q

Innervation of Teres Minor

A

Axillary

43
Q

Origin of Axillary Artery

A

Subclavian Artery

44
Q

Which muscle inserts in the Coracoid process

A

Pectoralis Minor

45
Q

Which muscles originate at the coracoid process

A

Biceps Brachii Short Head

Coracobrachialis

46
Q

Auscultation Site of Mitral Valve

A

ICS5 Left

47
Q

Innervation of Mediastinal Pleura

A

Phrenic Nerve

48
Q

Haemothorax

A

When blood collects between your chest wall and your lungs

49
Q

Boundaries of Cubital Fossa

A

Superior: Midline between Epicondyles
Lateral: Medial End of Brachioradialis
Medial: Lateral End of Pronator Teres

50
Q

Floor of Cubital Fossa

A

Laterally: Supinator
Medially: Brachialis

51
Q

Roof of Cubital Fossa

A

Bicipital Aponeurosis
Skin
Fascia

52
Q

Contents of Cubital Fossa

A 
Biceps Brachii Tendon
Brachial Artery (And its bifurcation)

Radial Nerve
Median Nerve

Cephalic Vein (Lateral)
Basilic Vein (Medial)
Median Cubital Vein (Joins the above 2 veins)
53
Q

How to find Brachial Pulse

A

Medial to the Biceps Brachii Tendon

54
Q

Superficial Muscle(s) of Anterior Forearm

A

FCR
Palmaris Longus
FCU
Palmaris Longus

55
Q

Intermediate Muscle(s) of Anterior Forearm

A

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

56
Q

Deep Muscle(s) of Anterior Forearm

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Pronator Quadratus

57
Q

Which bone is the olecranon a part of

A

Ulna

58
Q

Colles Fracture

A

Complete fracture of the radius bone of the forearm close to the wrist resulting in a displacement of the distal dorsal radius and obvious deformity

59
Q

Smiths Fracture

A

Fracture of the distal end of the radius caused by a fall on the back of the hand (flexed), resulting in a volar displacement of the fractured fragment

Risk of Injury to Median Nerve

60
Q

Action of FCR

A

Flexion and ABduction (Radial Deviation) of hand at wrist joint

61
Q

Action of FCU

A

Flexion and ADduction (Ulnar Deviation) of hand at wrist joint

62
Q

All Anterior Forearm Muscles

A

Pronator Teres
FCR
Palmaris Longus
FCU

FDS

FDP
FPL
Pronator Quadratus

63
Q

Golfer’s Elbow vs Tennis Elbow

A

Golfer’s: Medial Epicondylitis

Tennis: Lateral Epicondylitis

64
Q

Which muscle inserts at the distal phalanges anteriorly

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

65
Q

Which nerves innervate the FDP

A

Medial Half: Ulnar Nerve

Lateral Half: Median Nerve

66
Q

How to find pronator quadratus on prosection

A

Spread the tendons at wrist and go down to bone - it is a muscle that looks like a square

67
Q

What muscles of the anterior forearm are not innervated by the Median Nerve

A

FCU
Medial Half of the Flexor Digitorum Profundus

**ULNAR

68
Q

Condyles of the Upper Limb

A

Trochlea (Ulna)

Capitulum (Radius)

69
Q

Epicondyles vs Condyles

A

Condyles are smooth while epicondyles are rougher

Condyles articulate with ulnar and radius while epicondyles do not

70
Q

Condyles of the Upper Limb

A

Trochlea (Ulna)

Capitulum (Radius)

71
Q

Condyles of the Upper Limb

A

Trochlea (Ulna)

Capitulum (Radius)

72
Q

Condyles of the Upper Limb

A

Trochlea (Ulna)

Capitulum (Radius)

73
Q

Condyles of the Upper Limb

A

Trochlea (Ulna)

Capitulum (Radius)

74
Q

Branches of Radial Artery

A

Muscular & Cutaneous Branch
Radial Recurrent Artery
Carpal Branches
Deep Palmar Arch

75
Q

Branches of Ulnar Artery

A 
Ant Post Ulnar Recurrent Arteries
Muscular
Interosseous Branches
Carpal Branches
Superficial Palmar Arch
76
Q

Veins of Forearm

A

Deep:
2 Radial and 2 Ulnar Veins

Superficial:
Basilic
Cephalic

77
Q

Action of Biceps Brachii

A

Flexion

Supination

78
Q

Nerve innervating anterior compartment of arm

A

Musculocutaneous Nerve

79
Q

Which deep forearm muscle is responsible for pronation

A

Pronator Quadratus

80
Q

Which structure is most at risk during a distal humerus fracture (Supracondyle Fracture)

A

Brachial Artery

81
Q

Muscles of Posterior Compartment of the Arm

A

Triceps Brachii

Anconeus

82
Q

Which muscle innervates extensors/posterior muscles of the arm/forearm

A

Radial Nerve

83
Q

Superficial Muscles of Posterior Forearm

A 
Brachioradialis
FCRL
FCRB
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Digiti Minimi
ECU
84
Q

Brachioradialis Action

A

FLEXION of Forearm

Origin: Just above Lateral Epicondyle
Insertion: Radial Styloid Process

85
Q

ECRL

A

Extension and Abduction at wrist

Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Posterior aspect of base of metacarpal bone 2

86
Q

Deep Muscles of the Posterior Forearm

A 
Supinator
APL
EPB - Extensor of Proximal Phalynx Thumb
EPL - Extensor of Distal Phalynx Thumb
Extensor Indices

**RADIAL NERVE POSTERIOR INTEROSSEUS

87
Q

Wrist Drop

A

Occurs at damage to Radial Nerve (Since it innervates extensors)

88
Q

Compartments of Extensor Retinaculum

A

EPB, APL

ECRL, ECRB

EPL

EI, ED

EDM

ECU

89
Q

Carpal Bones

A

A guy goes out on Saturday, sees a hot girl from far away and tells his friends
“SHE LOOKS TOO PRETTY; TRY TO CATCH HER”

Proximal::
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
Distal::
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
90
Q

Risk of Scaphoid Fracture

A

Avascular Necrosis of the proximal bone

91
Q

Palmar Aponeurosis

A

Central part of the deep fascia of the palm which is a highly specialized thickened structure with little mobility

92
Q

Flexor Retinaculum

A

Forms the roof of the carpal tunnel - converts the carpal arch (made by the 8 carpal bones) into a carpal tunnel

93
Q

Contents of the Carpal Tunnel

A

9 Tendons: 4 for the FDS, 4 for the FDP, 1 for the FPL

Median Nerve

94
Q

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A

Compression of Median Nerve as a result of flexor retinaculum thickening

95
Q

Flexor Synovial Sheaths

A

Allowing smooth movement of flexor muscles

96
Q

Thenar Muscles

A

FPB
APB
Opponens Pollicis

**Muscles at base of thumb

97
Q

Adductor Compartment of Hand

A

Adductor Pollicis Muscle

98
Q

Innervation of Deep head of FPB

A

Ulnar Nerve

99
Q

Hypothenar Muscles

A

FDMB
ADM
Opponens Digiti Minimi

  • *Muscles located at base of little finger
  • *Exactly same as Thenar

**Ulnar Nerve

100
Q

Which intrinsic hand muscles are not innervated by the Ulnar Nerve

A

Lateral 2 Lumbricals

101
Q

Action of Lumbricals

A

Flexion at Metacarpalphalangeal Joints and Extension at Interphalngeal Joints

102
Q

Palmar Interossei

A

Adductors of the ingers

**Ulnar Nerve

103
Q

Dorsal Interossei

A

ABduction

**Ulnar Nerve

104
Q

Contents of Anatomical Snuff Box

A

Radial Artery

Superficial Branch of Radial Nerve

Medicine 2 Week 6 - 11 (54 decks)

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