Root of Neck, Axilla and Breast Flashcards
Vertebral Artery Triangle
Inferior border is clavicle
Lateral border is anterior scalene
Medial doesn’t really matter
Terminal branches formed from posterior cord (brachial plexus)
2 (Axillary & Radial)
Boundaries of the Axilla
Components of the axillary apex
Between posterior border of clavicle, superior border of scapula and external border of first rib
Components of the axillary lateral side
Humerus, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii
Components of the axillary medial side
Ribs 1-5 with muscles and part of serratus anterior
Components of the axillary Anterior wall
Pectoralis major and minor
Components of the axillary posterior wall
Subscapularis above, teres major and latissimus dorsi below
Components of the axillary base
Axillary Fascia
Subscapularis
Attaches at Subscapular fossa to lesser tubercle of humerus
Teres Major
**Attaches at lateral/inferior scapular border to Intertubercular sulcus
Latissimus Dorsi
Contents of the Axilla
Axillary Lymph Nodes
Vessels (Axillary Artery/Vein)
Brachial plexus
Musculature/tendons
3 Parts of the Axillary Artery
What is before the pec minor, behind it, and after it
Humeral Circumflex Artery
Brachium
Upper segment of the arm extending from the shoulder to the elbow
Antebrachium
Forearm
Brachial Artery
What the axillary artery is renamed to when it reaches the brachium
**They are all veins
.
Cephalic Vein
Superficial Vein travelling between deltoid and pectoralis major
What does cephalic vein drain into
Axillary Vein
Deltopectoral Triangle
Used for vein palpation
Axillary Lymph Nodes
Don’t memorise every single one but just appreciate the path
Mammary Glands
Modified sweat glands that secrete milk
Components of Breast
(Don’t need to memorise every detail)
Which arteries supply breast tissue
Internal Mammary Artery Axillary Artery Superior Thoracic Artery Lateral Thoracic Artery Thoracordorsal Artery Acriomiothoracic Artery
Which veins drain breast tissue
Lateral Thoracic Vein
Internal Mammary Vein
Where does the internal mammary artery originate/where does the internal mammary drain into
Subclavian artery/vein
Vaguely describe breast lymphatics
If near the axilla, we have axillary nodes
If near subscapularis, we have drainage into the subscapular node
We end up in deep axillary nodes which drain into supraclavicular nodes that go into lymphatic trunks
**DONT MEMORISE
