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Osteology > Upper Limb ( Extremity) > Flashcards

Upper Limb ( Extremity) Flashcards

1
Q

What bones does the Humerus Articulate with Distally?

A

The Ulna and the Radius to form the Elbow Joint.

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2
Q

Where is the Greater Tubercle located?

A

This is the most Laterally Palpable boney landmark in the shoulder region and is Distal to the Anatomical Neck of the Humerus.
Immediately inferior to the palpable Acromion of the Scapula.

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3
Q

Where is the Anatomical Neck of the Humerus located?

A

Distal to the head of the Humerus & Proximal to the Greater Tubercle.
Visible as an Oblique Groove and its former site if the Epiphyseal plate of the Humerus.

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4
Q

What direction does the Lesser Tubercle Project?

A

Anteriorly.

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5
Q

Where does the Name for the Surgical Neck originate from?

A

It is named so because Fractures occur most often in this location of the bone.

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6
Q

What is Medial to the Greater tubercle and the Lesser Tubercle?

A

Intertubecular Sulcus.

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7
Q

What end of the Humerus is the Roughly Rounder end?

A

The Proximal end just Distal to the Surgical Neck.

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8
Q

What is present in the middle part of the shaft of the Humerus on the lateral side?

A

The Deltoid Tuberosity is on the Lateral Side of the middle portion of the Shaft.

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9
Q

What is on the Posterior portion of the Shaft of the Humerus?

A

The Posterior surface of the Humerus is the Radial Groove, Which runs along the Deltoid Tuberosity.
Contains the Radial Nerve.

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10
Q

What are all the Prominent features of the Humerus on the Distal end of the bone?

A

The Capitulum, The Radial Fossa, The Coronoid Fossa, The Olecranon Fossa, The Medial and Lateral Epicondyle, Trochlea, Supra lateral and medial.

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11
Q

What parts of the Distal end of the Humerus act as the Attachment point for most of the Forearm muscles?

A

The Medial Epicondyle and the Lateral Epicondyle.

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12
Q

What is the Capitulum of the Humerus?

A

A rounded Knob on the Lateral aspect of the bone that articulates with the Head of the Radius.

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13
Q

What is the Radial Fossa?

A

An Anterior Depression above the Capitulum that articulates with the Head of the Radius when the Forearm is in the Flexed position.

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14
Q

What is the Radial Fossa?

A

An Anterior Depression above the Capitulum that articulates with the Head of the Radius when the Forearm is in the. Flexed position.

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15
Q

What is The Trochlea?

A

Located Medial to the Capitulum, is a spool shaped surface that Articulates with the Trochlear Notch of ulna.

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16
Q

What is the Coronoid Fossa?

A

An Anterior Depression that receives the Coronoid Process of the Ulna when when the Forearm is in the flexed Position.

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17
Q

What is the Olecranon Fossa?

A

Located on the Posterior Side of the Humerus, it is a Large depression that receives the Olecranon when the arm is Extended?

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18
Q

What are the Medial and Lateral Epicondyle of the Humerus?

A

These are located on the Distal end of the Humerus just proximal of the articular cartilage of the Capitulum and Trochlea.
Most of the Forearm muscles attach at this point.

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19
Q

What are all of the portions of the Ulna?

A

The Olecranon, Coronoid Process, Trochlear Notch, Radial Notch, Ulnar Tuberosity, Head of the Ulna, Styloid Process.

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20
Q

What side of the Forearm is the Ulna located on?

A

The Medial Aspect.

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21
Q

What is the Elbow Joint formed by?

A

2 Articulations:
The Trochlea Notch of the Ulna with the Trochlea of the Humerus.
The Head of the Radius with the Capitulum of the Humerus.

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22
Q

What is the area lateral-Inferior to the Trochlear Notch?

A

This is an area called the Radial Notch which articulates with the head of the Radius.

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23
Q

What is the portion of the Ulna that is just Inferior to the Coronoid Process?

A

This is the Ulnar Tuberosity.

This is the attachment point for the Biceps Brachii muscle.

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24
Q

What is the Styloid Process of the Ulna Bone?

A

This is located on the Posterior side of the Ulna’s Distal end.
It provides attachment for the Ulnar Collateral Ligament of the Wrist.

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25
Q

What is the Head of the Ulna bone?

A

This is the distal end of the Ulna bone that is separated from the wrist by a Disc of Fibrocartilage.

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26
Q

What are all the portions of the Radius?

A

A Disc shaped head on the Proximal end, Radial Tuberosity, Neck of the Bone, Styloid process, Ulnar Notch,

27
Q

What does the Proximal head of the Radius Articulate with?

A

It articulates with the Capitulum of the Humerus and the Radial Notch of the Ulna.

28
Q

Where is the Radial Tuberosity of the Radius located?

A

This is a roughened area on the Anteromedial side just inferior to the Neck of the Humerus.
It is an attachment point for the Bicep Brachii muscle.

29
Q

What 2 parts of the Forearm act as an attachment point for the Bicep Brachii muscles?

A

Ulnar Tuberosity and the Radial Tuberosity.

30
Q

What does the Widened distal end of the Radius form?

A

The Styloid Process.

31
Q

What does the Widened distal end of the Radius form?

A

The Styloid Process.

32
Q

What is the Prominent part of the Forearm that can be felt Proximally to the Thumb.

A

The Styloid Process.

33
Q

What does the Styloid Process of the Radius provide attachment for?

A

Radial Collateral Ligament to the Wrist, Brachioradialis muscle.

34
Q

What is the Ulnar Notch’s Purpose?

A

It articulates with the head of the Ulna.

35
Q

What bone fractures the most in people over 50 when falling?

A

The Distal end of the Radius.

36
Q

What are the 2 places that form the Elbow Joint?

A

The Head of the radius articulates with the Capitulum of the Humerus.
The Trochlear Notch of the Ulna Articulates with the Trochlea of the Humerus.

37
Q

What are the 3 points at which the Ulna and the Radius attach to each other?

A

1st: A Broad, Flat, Fibrous Connective Tissue called Interosseous Membrane.
2nd: The head of the Radius articulates with the Ulna’s Radial Notch creating the Proximal Radioalnar Joint.
3rd: Distally the Head of the Ulna Articulates with the Ulna notch of the Radius creating the Distal Radioulnar joint.

38
Q

What is the Interosseous Membrane used for in the Forearm?

A

Provides attachment for Deep skeletal muscles of the Forearm and Joins the shafts of the Ulna and the Radius together.

39
Q

What is the Radiocarpal Joint?

A

This is the Wrist joint Formed from 3 bones in the Wrist called Lunate, Scaphoid and the Triquetrum.

40
Q

What are the Articulations that the Ulna and the Radius create with each other at the Distal and Proximal ends of the Bones?

A

The Distal Radioulnar Joint and the Proximal Radioulnar joint.

41
Q

What is the Proximal Radioulnar joint created from?

A

The head of the Radius articulates with the Ulnas radial Notch.

42
Q

What is the Distal Radioular Joint created from?

A

The head of the Ulna articulates with the Ulnar Notch of the Radius.

43
Q

What is the articulation with the wrist and the Radius named?

A

This articulation is called Radiocarpal Joint.

The “Wrist Joint”.

44
Q

What is the articulation with the wrist ad the Radius named?

A

This articulation is called Radiocarpal Joint.

The “Wrist Joint”.

45
Q

What is the Carpus?

A

This is the Proximal region of the Hand and consist of 8 small bones called Carpals joined together by Ligaments.

46
Q

What are the bones of the Carpus referred to as?

A

The Carpals.

47
Q

What are the articulations among Carpal bones called?

A

Intercarpal Joints.

48
Q

How are the Carpals arranged in the Carpus?

A

There is a Proximal and Distal Row, 8 bones in total.

49
Q

What are the names of all the Carpal bones?

A

Proximal Row:
Scaphoid, Lunate, Pisiform, Triquetrum.
Distal Row:
Hamate, Capiate, Trapezoid, trapezium.

50
Q

What are the Carpal bones in the Proximal Row named?

A

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform.

51
Q

What are the Carpal bones named in the Distal row?

A

Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate.

52
Q

What are all the types of bones in the Hands?

A

Starting from Proximal-Distal:

Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges.

53
Q

How many Metacarpals are in each hand?

A

5 in total starting from lateral to medial.

54
Q

How many Phalanges are in each hand?

A

14.

55
Q

What is one bone of the Digit referred to as?

A

A Phalanx.

56
Q

What is the largest Carpal bone?

A

The Capitate.

57
Q

What is Boxers Fracture?

A

This is a Fracture of the 5th Metacarpal, usually near the head of the bone.
Characterized by pain, swelling and tenderness of the area. There may also be a bump on the side of the hand.

58
Q

What is the bone that fractures in 70 percent of carpal fractures?

A

The Hamate.

59
Q

Where is the Carpal Tunnel located?

A

Located on the Anterior Concave space of four of the carpal bones covered by the Flexor Retinaculum.

60
Q

What bones form the Carpal tunnel?

A

On the medial side: Pisiform and the Hamate.

On the Lateral side: Scaphoid and the Trapezium.

61
Q

What are the Flexor Retinaculum?

A

They are Strong Fibrous bands of connective tissue covering the Carpal tunnel.

62
Q

What passes through the Carpal Tunnel?

A

The long flexor tendons of the digits and thumb, the median nerve.

63
Q

What is the cause of carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

This is the narrowing of the tunnel due to factors such as inflammation.

64
Q

What joint is formed where the Base of the metacarpals articulate with the distal Carpal bones?

A

Carpometacarpal Joints.

Osteology (27 decks)

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