Upper and Lower Limb Flashcards by Sydnie Bookman

5 structures that go through carpal tunnel

flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, median nerve, flexor carpi radialis, flexor pollicis longus

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explain carpal tunnel syndrome

tunnel decreases In size or structure sizes increase
the median nerve is most sensitive so you usually have tingling and diminished sensation in your lateral 3 digits
sufferers usually can’t oppose fingers

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features of palmar aponeurosis

deep fascia in a triangle shape of the palm
continuous with palmaris longus tendon and flexor retinaculum

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features of flexor and extensor retinaculum

transverse band in the rest that helps keep the tendons and nerves in place

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features of dupuytrens contracture

disease where the palmar aponeurosis shortens and thickens
usually bilaterally
causes medial fingers to be bent

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features of synovial tendon sheaths

longitudinal bursae that surround tendons
filled with synovial fluid
protects tenants in high stress regions like your digits

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features of glenoid labrum

ring-like fibrocartilaginous tissue found on the outside of the glenoid cavity
helps to secure the humeral head

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features of peripheral nerves

consist of axons of many neurons bound together by connective tissue
innervate major of structures in body

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1.)

anterior root

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2.)

spinal nerve

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3.)

posterior root

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4.)

sensory neuron

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5.)

anterior and posterior rami

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8.)

ramus communicans

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9.)

sympathetic chain ganglion

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what is a nerve plexus

when the anterior rami merge to form complicated networks of nerves

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1.)

cervical plexus

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2.)

brachial plexus

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3.)

lumbar plexus

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4.)

sacral plexus

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1.)

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2.)

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3.)

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4.)

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5.)

6.)

musculocutaenous

7.)

lateral root

8.)

axillary

9.)

radial root

10.)

medial root

11.)

median

12.)

ulnar

1.)

axillary nerve; C5-C6

2.)

radial nerve; C5-T1

3.)

musculocutenous nerve; C5-C7

4.)

median nerve: C5-T1

5.)

ulnar nerve: C8-T1

where does the cervical plexus innervate (cutaneous)

shoulder, upper chest, and neck

where does the brachial plexus innervate (cutaneous)

lateral arm

where does the lumbar plexus innervate (cutaneous)

anterior lower leg

where does the sacral plexus innervate (cutaneous)

posterior lower leg

where does the cervical plexus innervate (motor)

sternocleidomastoid

where does the brachial plexus innervate (motor)

upper arm

where does the lumbar plexus innervate (motor)

anterior thigh

where does the sacral plexus innervate (motor)

anterior lower leg and all of posterior leg

explain erb-duchenne palsy

upper brachial plexus injury around C5-C6 caused by excessive stretching of neck causes medially rotation of the arm and "waiter's tip" hand

explain klumpke paralysis

inferior brachial plexus injury around C8-T1 caused by upper arm being suddenly pulled causes claw hand and wasting of forearm muscle

explain fracture of humerus

fracture of surgical neck of humerus can injury the axillary nerve that is surrounding it pectoralis muscle pulls shaft of humerus up and medially

explain features of dermatomes

skin is divided into different segments based on spinal nerve that supplies the region with somatic sensation used to test integrity of sensory pathway C2-S5

explain features of myotomes

map of the group of muscles that are innervated by a specific single nerve root used to test integrity of spinal cord

brachiocephalic artery splits into:

right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery

right common carotid artery supplies:

right side of head and neck

right subclavian artery supplies:

right upper limb and thorax

left common carotid artery supplies:

left side of head and neck

left subclavian artery supplies:

left upper limb and thorax

branches of descending thoracic artery supply:

thoracic structures

descending abdominal aorta branches supply:

abdominal viscera

descending abdominal aorta splits into:

right and left common iliac arteries

right and left common iliac artery split into:

internal and external iliac arteries at L4

internal iliac arteries supply:

pelvic structures

external iliac arteries supply:

lower limbs

1.)

left coronary artery

2.)

right coronary artery

3.)

brachiocephalic artery

4.)

right subclavian artery

5.)

right common carotid artery

6.)

left common carotid artery

7.)

left subclavian artery

1.)

descending thoracic aorta

2.)

descending abdominal aorta

3.)

right common iliac artery

4.)

right external iliac artery

5.)

right internal iliac artery

6.)

left internal iliac artery

7.)

left common iliac artery

8.)

left external iliac artery

1.)

axillary artery

2.)

brachial artery

brachial artery splits into:

radial artery and ulnar artery

features of the interosseous artery

artery that forms as a branch of the ulnar artery found in-between the radius and ulna

ulnar artery divides into:

deep palmar arch and superficial palmar arch

superficial palmar arch gives rise to:

common palmar digital arteries and proper palmar digital arteries

1.)

deep palmar arch

2.)

superficial palmar arch

3.)

proper palmar digital arteries

4.)

common palmar digital arteries

what veins merge to form superior vena cava

brachiocephalic veins

function of brachiocephalic veins

receives deoxygenated blood from structures superior to the diaphragm drain into superior vena cava

1.)

cephalic vein

2.)

basilic vein

3.)

median cubital vein

4.)

median antebrachial vein

5.)

palmar venous arches

6.)

ulnar vein

7.)

radial vein

8.)

brachial vein

9.)

axillary vein

what makes up the pelvis

2 pelvic bones, sacrum, and coccyx

what three parts make up the coxal bones?

illium, ischium, and pubis

1.)

iliac fossa

2.)

illium

3.)

pubis

4.)

ischium

6.)

anterior superior iliac spine

7.)

iliac crest

8.)

sacroiliac joint

1.)

posterior superior iliac spine

2.)

greater sciatic notch

3.)

ischial body

4.)

ischial spine

5.)

lesser sciatic notch

6.)

ischial ramus

7.)

ischial tuberosity

8.)

obturator foramen

9.)

pubic body

10.)

acetabulum

what is the acetabulum labrum?

fibrocartilage rim attached to margin or acetabulum

Upper and Lower Limb Flashcards

(117 cards)