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APES > Unit 9: Air Pollution > Flashcards

Unit 9: Air Pollution Flashcards

1
Q

Sulfur dioxide symbol

A

SO2

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2
Q

Is sulfur dioxide primary or secondary?

A

Primary

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3
Q

Human source of sulfur dioxide

A

Burning of fossil fuels containing sulfur like coal, oil, and gas.

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4
Q

Natural source of sulfur dioxide

A

Volcanoes

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5
Q

Effects/impacts of sulfur dioxide

A

Respiratory irritant, harms plant tissues, sulfuric acid harms fish and plants.

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6
Q

Nitrogen oxides symbol

A

NOx

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7
Q

Are nitrogen oxides primary or secondary?

A

Primary

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8
Q

Human source of nitrogen oxides

A

All combustion like fossil fuels, wood, and other biomass.

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9
Q

Natural source of nitrogen oxides

A

Lightning, forest fires, volcanoes.

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10
Q

Effects/impacts of nitrogen oxides

A

Respiratory irritant, smog and ozone formation, nitric acid is harmful to fish and plants, over fertilization of ecosystems.

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11
Q

Carbon monoxide symbol

A

CO

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12
Q

Is carbon monoxide primary or secondary?

A

Primary

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13
Q

Human source of carbon monoxide

A

Incomplete combustion, bad exhaust systems, poor ventilation.

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14
Q

Natural source of carbon monoxide

A

Forest fires, volcanoes.

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15
Q

Effects/impacts of carbon monoxide

A

Interferes with oxygen transport in blood, headaches, death.

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16
Q

Particulate matter symbol

A

PMx

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17
Q

Is particulate matter primary or secondary?

A

Primary

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18
Q

Human source of particulate matter

A

Combustion, soil mobilizing activities.

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19
Q

Natural source of particulate matter

A

Forest fires, volcanoes.

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20
Q

Effects/impacts of particulate matter

A

Respiratory disease, death, reduced visibility, haze, smog.

21
Q

Lead symbol

A

Pb

22
Q

Is lead primary or secondary?

A

Primary

23
Q

Human source of lead

A

Oil, gas, old paint.

24
Q

Natural source of lead

A

The earth’s crust.

25
Q

Effects/impacts of lead

A

Nervous system issues, learning affects, inability to concentrate.

26
Q

Ozone symbol

A

O3

27
Q

Is ozone primary or secondary?

A

Secondary

28
Q

Human source of ozone

A

Combination of sun, water, oxygen, VOCs, and NOx.

29
Q

Natural source of ozone

A

Heat and sun use reactions with NOx and VOCs.

30
Q

Effects/impacts of ozone

A

Respiratory issues, degrades plant surfaces and materials like plastic.

31
Q

Volatile organic compounds symbol

A

VOCs

32
Q

Are volatile organic compounds primary or secondary?

A

Primary

33
Q

Human source of volatile organic compounds

A

Evaporation of fuels, solvents, and paint; improper combustion of fuels.

34
Q

Natural source of volatile organic compounds

A

Plants

35
Q

Effects/impacts of volatile organic compounds

A

Precursor to ozone formation.

36
Q

Mercury symbol

A

Hg

37
Q

Is mercury primary or secondary?

A

Primary

38
Q

Human source of mercury

A

Coal, oil, gold mining.

39
Q

Natural source of mercury

A

Volcanoes, ocean.

40
Q

Effects/impacts of mercury

A

Nervous system issues, bioaccumulates.

41
Q

Carbon dioxide symbol

A

CO2

42
Q

Is carbon dioxide primary or secondary?

A

Primary

43
Q

Human source of carbon dioxide

A

Combustion of fossil fuels and clearing land.

44
Q

Natural source of carbon dioxide

A

Combustion of biomass.

45
Q

Effects/impacts of carbon dioxide

A

Affects climates and ecosystems by increasing greenhouse gas concentrations.

46
Q

Why isn’t carbon dioxide a pollutant?

A

It is a greenhouse gas, so it indirectly causes environmental and human health effects, but not directly.

47
Q

Is PM10 or PM2.5 more harmful?

A

PM2.5 as it can travel deeper inside the lungs and cause more issues.

48
Q

Clean Air Act

A

Allows EPA to set acceptable levels for criteria air pollutants.

APES (84 decks)

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