Unit 6 Free Response Terms

Question 1

A neurotransmitter that controls muscle contractions and heart rate:

Answer 1

ACh

Question 2

The “little brain” attached to the rear of the brainstem. Helps coordinate voluntary motor movements, posture, and balance:

Answer 2

Cerebellum

Question 3

Occurs on a 24/25 hour cycle and includes sleep and wakefulness (biological clock):

Answer 3

Circadian Rhythm

Question 4

Learned response to a previously neutral CS (same as unconditioned response):

Answer 4

Conditioned Response

Question 5

Memory recall is increased when you are in the same physical space as where the learning/memory occurred:

Answer 5

Context-Dependent Memory

Question 6

The minimum difference a person can detect between any two stimuli half the time:

Answer 6

Difference Threshold

Question 7

Term for remembering an event in life:

Answer 7

Episodic Memory

Question 8

Conscious or effortful processing:

Answer 8

Explicit Memory

Question 9

Desire to perform a behavior due to promised rewards or threats of punishment:

Answer 9

Extrinsic Motivation

Question 10

The organization of the visual field into objects that stand out from their surroundings:

Answer 10

Figure Ground

Question 11

Perception of a relationship when no relationship actually exists:

Answer 11

Illusory Correlation

Question 12

The use of mental pictures:

Answer 12

Imagery

Question 13

Inability to see an object or person in our midst:

Answer 13

Inattentional Blindness

Question 14

Gives the brain information about where specific body parts are located:

Answer 14

Kinesthesia

Question 15

Any type of memory aid:

Answer 15

Mnemonic

Question 16

Conveys information from the central nervous system to the body’s organs, glands, and muscles:

Answer 16

Motor Neurons

Question 17

The effect of promising a reward for doing what one already likes to do:

Answer 17

Overjustification Effect

Question 18

Add a desirable stimulus:

Answer 18

Positive Reinforcement

Question 19

Old learning interferes with new learning:

Answer 19

Proactive Interference

Question 20

Motor skills and habits:

Answer 20

Procedural Memory

Question 21

Images from the two eyes differ; closer the object, the longe the disparity:

Answer 21

Retinal Disparity

Question 22

New learning interferes with old learning:

Answer 22

Retroactive Interference

Question 23

Gains power through its association with the primary reinforcer:

Answer 23

Secondary Reinforcer

Question 24

What you choose to attend to out of all of the visual, auditory, and olfactory stimulation reaching you:

Answer 24

Selective Attention

Question 25

A weakened sensitivity due to prolonged stimulation:

Answer 25

Sensory Adaptation

Question 26

What we learn in one physiological state may be more easily recalled when we are again in that state:

Answer 26

State-Dependent Memory

Question 27

Statistical statement of how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance:

Answer 27

Statistical Significance

Question 28

Arouses “Fight or Flight”:

Answer 28

Sympathetic Nervous System

Question 29

Reinforcement after an average/unpredictable number or responses:

Answer 29

Variable Ratio Schedule of Reinforcement