AP Exam Free Response Terms Flashcards
A very short term type of memory that only lasts a few moments after the actual event has taken place:
Sensory Memory
A study of how two or more variables are related to one another:
Correlational Research
This theory employs a strategy of making judgments based solely on something that already exists in the mind rather than weighing all of the facts:
Representativeness Heuristic
This theory says that everyone on the planet is born with intrinsic psychological needs. It also states that an organism will seek to achieve a level of homeostasis associated with achieving these needs:
Drive Theory
Under this theory, every organism will seek to achieve a high level of excitement or arousal:
Arousal Theory
This is used to test the amount of dependence that different variables have on one another. This can be used on any 2 variables where a correlation is assumed but not known:
Correlational Research Design
The minimum noticeable difference between 2 stimuli that someone will detect at least 50% of the time:
Difference Threshold
The part of your body that makes you feel full after you’ve eaten:
Ventromedial Hypothalamus
This theory relies on the fact that the feeling of arousal interacts with the identification of that arousal. This is what causes emotions to occur because the individual needs to first feel the arousal but they are incapable of true emotion until they achieve an understanding of what the arousal is. They are then capable of experiencing an emotion of any type:
Two Factor Theory of Emotion
This type of therapy will focus on physiological intervention as a method of reducing psychological disorders. These types of therapy will use drugs, ECTs, and psychosurgery:
Biomedical Therapy
This theory considers why organisms will react and act the way that they do. It believes that all humans have a biological programming that will cause you to do what needs to be done in order to survive without outside influence needed:
Instinct Theory
This is responsible for telling you when you are hungry and need to eat:
Lateral Hypothalamus
This is your personality; the way that you think about and understand the world as it exists around you:
Internal Working Model
When your brain is incapable of creating a link between information and the short/long term memory:
Encoding Failure
This theory states that humans will do whatever it takes to achieve their optimum level of arousal:
Arousal Theory of Motivation
The idea that people need moderate levels of arousal to complete a task successfully:
Yerkes-Dodson Law of Arousal
This theory refers to why anyone will feel a drive to participate in an activity. It considers that humans will feel a drive which they will seek to reduce, and this is the reason for action:
Drive Reduction Theory
This considers moving one type of energy into a different type. These types of energy are transduced so that different parts of the body can understand and interpret them:
Transduction Psychology
This hypothesis considers the reasons that an individual will engage in helpful behavior. If empathy is felt then altruism will result, and the individual will want to assist the other person without need for reward:
Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis
The part of your mind that comprises the conscience. It also looks at your ideal self and causes you to at in a positive way or react to a specific situation. This portion of the mind considers what needs to be done for the individual to feel the best about themselves:
Superego
This states that an individual will have less ability to remember the things stated by someone who spoke directly before/after they did. They can’t remember these things because they are next, and they are suffering from a state of concern/anticipation that makes it difficult to understand anything that is happening around them:
Next-in-Line Effect
Under this theory perception is an active process which involves someone being able to select, infer, and interpret information about a given subject. They are capable of understanding what is happening around them at this period:
Perceptual Set
The stage in which an organism is capable of achieving a specific skill that is required for their continued development and existence. If they aren’t learned in this period it will be difficult for them to be learned to the same degree/effectiveness:
Critical Period
The lowest level of something that can be detected:
Absolute Threshold
This theory considers the possibility that a behavior will occur again based on whether reinforcement or punishment are used and in which ways:
Instrumental Behavior
The mathematical formulation used to understand the level of intelligence of a particular person based on others of the same age:
IQ
