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AP Psych > Neuroscience > Flashcards

Neuroscience Flashcards

Unit 2

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1
Q

What is the function of GABA?

A

Primary inhibitory neurotransmitter- voltage change due to neurotransmitter that decreases the chances that a neuron will fire an action potential

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2
Q

What is a GABA deficit?

A

Anxiety disorders, insomnia, seizures, and Huntington’s disease

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3
Q

What is a Dopamine surplus?

A

schizophrenia

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4
Q

What is a Dopamine deficit?

A

Tremors and Parkinson’s disease

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5
Q

Function: influences voluntary movement, posture, learning, cognition, attention

A

Dopamine

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6
Q

What is a Glutamate function?

A

Primary excitatory neurotransmitter a voltage charge due to a neurotransmitter than increasing the chances that a neuron will fire an action potential

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7
Q

What is an Acetylcholine function?

A

Contraction of muscles and heart rate and transmits messages and influences learning and memory

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8
Q

What is an Acetylcholine surplus?

A

Migraines/Seizures

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9
Q

What is an Acetylcholine deficit?

A

Alzheimer’s

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10
Q

One main deficit of Serotonin includes..

A

Depression

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11
Q

Located in the body’s sense organs and send information from these organs to the CNS/brain (incoming info- brain and spine)

A

Sensory/Afferent Neurons

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12
Q

What is the most abundant neurotransmitter?

A

Glutamate

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13
Q

What is a Glutamate surplus?

A

Brain producing brain diseases, migraine, and seizures, problems following brain injury or stroke

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14
Q

What is released from the sending neuron that travels across the synapse and binds to receptors sites on the receiving neuron, thereby influencing it to generate an action potential?

A

Neurotransmitters/Chemicals

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15
Q

What is a Serotonin function?

A

Involved with mood regulation, hunger, sleep, impulsive control

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16
Q

What is a Serontonin deficit?

A

Sleep-wake disorders, food cravings, aggression

17
Q

What is Norepinephrine?

A

A hormone and neurotransmitter

18
Q

Conveys information from central nervous system to the body’s organs, glands, and muscles

A

Motor/Efferent Neurons

19
Q

What is a norepinephrine function?

A

Helps control alertness and arousal (related to sympathetic nervous system and fight or flight response)

20
Q

What are released in response to pain or vigorous exercise and provide pain relief?

A

Endorphins

21
Q

What is a junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron?

A

Synaptic gap/cleft

22
Q

When does someone take an agonist medication?

A

When they have a deficit of a neurotransmitter

23
Q

What is a molecule that blocks production or release of a neurotransmitter decreasing its action?

A

An antagonist

24
Q

Why is Curare an antagonist?

A

It blocks ACh receptor sites on muscles, paralyzing the body.

25
Q

What is a molecule that increases a neurotransmitter’s action by either increasing the production or release of neurotransmitters OR by blocking reuptake in the synapse?

A

An agonist

26
Q

What are the first two parts of the nervous system?

A

The central and peripheral nervous system

27
Q

What consists of the CNS?

A

The brain and spinal cord

28
Q

What consists of the PNS?

A

Motor and sensory neurons

29
Q

What consists of the Motor neurons?

A

Somatic (voluntary movement) and autonomic nervous systems

30
Q

What consists of the autonomic nervous system?

A

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous systems

31
Q

What is Resting Potential?

A

PONI

AP Psych (42 decks)

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