UNIT 3- Ch.29 - Pain Flashcards
Define nociceptive pain. Give examples
Pain felt in a tissue, organ, or damaged part of the body, or referred pain
-Back Pain
-Broke Rib
Define neuropathic pain. Give examples
Nerve pain without tissue damage
-Sciatic pain
-Below the knee amputation
Define Cutaneous superficial pain
pain caused by injury to the skin or superficial tissues, (like scrapes)
Define Deep Somatic pain
Originates in the structures deeper than the skin, like joints, bones tendons and muscles
Define Visceral pain
Pain that originates in the organs (like menstrual cramps)
Define Radiating/referred pain
Pain that travels from one origin in the body to another area. (pain in the hip causing lower back to hurt)
Define Phantom pain
feeling pain in a limb that is no longer there. Like after a amputation
Define Psychogenic pain
pain the originates in the imagination and becomes real to the patient. (Patient can convince themselves mentally that something hurts even with no injury or problem.To them, its real )
What is Acute duration of pain
sudden onset, lasts only because of an injury, goes away after treatment or healing (less than a month depending on injury)
What is Chronic duration of pain
ongoing pain from a previous injury. Occurs even after injury was healed but still produces pain (6 + months)
What is Intractable duration of pain
pain lasts years, may be permanent. this pain does not respond to treatment or healing. (1 year +)
Define pain quality
What the pain feels like to the patient (throbbing, stabbing, achey, sharp)
Define pain “periodically” - what does this word mean when assessing pain.
How often does this pain occur in the patient’s life
Define intensity of pain
How much does this pain hurt, how strong is it.
What are the four categories classifying pain
- Origin
2.Cause
3.Duration
4.Description
Define Physiology of pain- what happens in the body during “pain”
Both the CNS and PNS process stimuli in the body. This processing mobilizes the nociceptors and activates their pathways. Once the pathways are activated that sends a message throughout the body from the brain that something is injured or something “hurts”.
What are nociceptors
sensory receptors for noxious (painful) stimuli
What are the four steps that occur during physiology of pain
- Transduction
- transmission
- pain perception
- pain modulation
What is Transduction
1st step of pain physiology -
Activation of nociceptors by pain stimuli- message is sent throughout the body
What is Transmission
2nd step of pain physiology
conduction of pain message to spinal cord. message is transported throughout the body
What is Pain perception
3rd step to pain physiology
recognization and defining pain in cortex- Host now realizes something hurts.
What is Pain modulation
4th and final step to pain physiology
changing pain perception over time as the body is treated or healed, or injury gets worse (does it feel better now? or does it feel worse?)
What six things do you need to remember when assessing pain
- location
- quality
- intensity
- alleviating factors
- timing/duration
- goals
What are some Nonverbal signs of pain
- facial expressions (grimacing)
- crying, moaning
- elevated vitals (pulse, BP)
- assess for depression
- behavioral manifestations (sadness, anger)
