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Nursing Term 1 ALY JENNA > UNIT 1 - Ch. 18 Vital Signs > Flashcards

UNIT 1 - Ch. 18 Vital Signs Flashcards

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1
Q

Define apnea

A

absence of breathing

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2
Q

normal O2 saturation

A

92-99

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3
Q

Define bradypnea

A

RR less than 12

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4
Q

Define dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

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5
Q

define tachypnea

A

RR greater than 20

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6
Q

Define tachycardia

A

pulse greater than 100

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7
Q

What 4 factors are involved in measuring RR?

A
  1. rate
  2. depth
  3. rhythm
  4. effort
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8
Q

normal pulse rate range

A

60-100 bpm

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9
Q

Define bradicardia

A

pulse less than 60

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10
Q

normal RR range

A

12-20

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11
Q

What determines how often pts vitals are taken?

A
  1. Meds
  2. Type of illness
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12
Q

List 5 vital signs

A
  1. temperature
  2. pulse
  3. respirations
  4. BP
  5. O2
  6. Pain (Although not officially counted as VS)
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13
Q

What does diastolic number represent in BP?

A

pressure of heart at rest

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14
Q

What does systolic number represent in BP?

A

Ventricles contracting

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15
Q

What is orthostatic BP?

How do we test for it?

A

Nurse takes multiple BP readings back to back testing for irregular measure.

Standing, sitting, laying

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16
Q

Define sepsis

A

infection in blood

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17
Q

What unit does BP measure in?

A

mmHg: millimeters of mercury

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18
Q

normal BP

A

120/80

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19
Q

Define kussmal respirations

A

rapid respirations

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20
Q

What is pulse deficit?
How do you find it?

A

It looks for a irregular pulse by taking the difference between the apical and radial pulse.

two nurses needed.
Apical - radial = PD

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21
Q

define prefix “sinus”

A

normal

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22
Q

what body system regulates temperature?

A

hypothalamus & skin

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23
Q

what body system regulates respirations

A

medulla oblengada

24
Q

describe cheyne - stokes RR

A

fast, shallow, irregular breathing

25
Q

describe kussmal RR

A

rapid, deep RR

26
Q

what is a antipyretic medication for?
give example

A

reducing fevers
NSAIDs
ibuprophen

27
Q

what is BP?

A

volume of blood pumping through heart per minute

28
Q

what is the normal volume of blood in the body?

A

5L

29
Q

what 3 things regulate BP?

A

-cardiac output
-prepheral resistance
-blood volume

30
Q

hypertension abreviation

A

HTN

31
Q

define hypotension

A

low BP
a bp of below 90/60

32
Q

define hypertension

A

elevated BP

33
Q

List 5 korotkoff heart sounds

A
  1. systolic (tapping)
  2. swoosh
  3. sharp loud
  4. soft, fade
  5. diastolic (silence)
34
Q

what can cause a low BP reading?

A

-not eating or drinking
-O2 sat low
-bleeding / trauma
-proper positioning

35
Q

When one VS is elevated or lower then normal, the nurse must look at what?

A

look at pts history

36
Q

why does one VS change when another does?

A

body is trying to maintain homeostasis

37
Q

is it normal for a pt to have an elevated temp when on an antibiotic

A

NO! MD should be notified

38
Q

define hemodinamically stable

A

pt is stable with normal vital signs

39
Q

3 symptoms of shock

A

-confusion
-clammy skin
-rapid/irregular breathing

40
Q

negative feedback loop

A

when some function or output of a body system is fed back into the input

41
Q

what vitals are affected by activity levels?

A

BP, HR, RR

42
Q

what vital sign does eating effect?

A

temperature

43
Q

what vital signs can medication and illness diagnose effect?

What should you make sure of in this situation?

A

-all vitals

-make sure to ask pt history before vitals are taken

44
Q

define thermoregulation

A

body’s ability to remain a certain internal temp

45
Q

normal temp range

what is considered a fever?
what is a critical temp?

A

97-99.6

101 or above is considered a fever
103+ is critical and MD should be notified at once

46
Q

define ferbile

A

fever is present

47
Q

why is fever sometimes good for pt?

A

fever is the body’s natural way of controlling infection

48
Q

list 5 ways to take temp and where:

A
  1. Oral: adults
  2. Rectal: Babies or sometimes adults
  3. Temporal: forhead
  4. Axillary: armpit
  5. tympanic: ear. Up and back for adults, down and back for children
49
Q

3 things to note when taking someone’s pulse

A

rate, rhythm, quality

50
Q

Normal low and high MAP

A

low: less than 60
normal: 70-100
high: greater then 100

51
Q

how do you find pulse pressure?

A

difference between systolic and diastolic

52
Q

define orthopnea

A

difficulty breathing horizontally

53
Q

define aferbile

A

NO fever present

54
Q

what does MAP stand for?

A

Mean Arterial Pressure

55
Q

What does 2+ mean when measuring pulse rates

A

normal

56
Q

What does 4+ mean when measuring pulse rates

A

bounding

57
Q

What does 1+ mean when measuring pulse rates

A

weak

Nursing Term 1 ALY JENNA (29 decks)

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