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Nursing Term 1: Fundamentals > UNIT 1 - Ch. 18 Vital Signs > Flashcards

UNIT 1 - Ch. 18 Vital Signs Flashcards

1
Q

Define apnea

A

absence of breathing

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2
Q

normal O2 saturation

A

92-99

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3
Q

Define bradypnea

A

RR less than 12

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4
Q

Define dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

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5
Q

define tachypnea

A

RR greater than 20

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6
Q

Define tachycardia

A

pulse greater than 100

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7
Q

What 4 factors are involved in measuring RR?

A
  1. rate
  2. depth
  3. rhythm
  4. effort
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8
Q

normal pulse rate range

A

60-100 bpm

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9
Q

Define bradicardia

A

pulse less than 60

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10
Q

normal RR range

A

12-20

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11
Q

What determines how often pts vitals are taken?

A
  1. Meds
  2. Type of illness
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12
Q

List 5 vital signs

A
  1. temperature
  2. pulse
  3. respirations
  4. BP
  5. O2
  6. Pain (Although not officially counted as VS)
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13
Q

What does diastolic number represent in BP?

A

pressure of heart at rest

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14
Q

What does systolic number represent in BP?

A

Ventricles contracting

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15
Q

What is orthostatic BP?

How do we test for it?

A

Nurse takes multiple BP readings back to back testing for irregular measure.

Standing, sitting, laying

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16
Q

Define sepsis

A

infection in blood

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17
Q

What unit does BP measure in?

A

mmHg: millimeters of mercury

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18
Q

normal BP

A

120/80

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19
Q

Define kussmal respirations

A

rapid respirations

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20
Q

What is pulse deficit?
How do you find it?

A

It looks for a irregular pulse by taking the difference between the apical and radial pulse.

two nurses needed.
Apical - radial = PD

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21
Q

define prefix “sinus”

A

normal

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22
Q

what body system regulates temperature?

A

hypothalamus & skin

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23
Q

what body system regulates respirations

A

medulla oblengada

24
Q

describe cheyne - stokes RR

A

fast, shallow, irregular breathing

25
describe kussmal RR
rapid, deep RR
26
what is a antipyretic medication for? give example
reducing fevers NSAIDs ibuprophen
27
what is BP?
volume of blood pumping through heart per minute
28
what is the normal volume of blood in the body?
5L
29
what 3 things regulate BP?
-cardiac output -prepheral resistance -blood volume
30
hypertension abreviation
HTN
31
define hypotension
low BP a bp of below 90/60
32
define hypertension
elevated BP
33
List 5 korotkoff heart sounds
1. systolic (tapping) 2. swoosh 3. sharp loud 4. soft, fade 5. diastolic (silence)
34
what can cause a low BP reading?
-not eating or drinking -O2 sat low -bleeding / trauma -proper positioning
35
When one VS is elevated or lower then normal, the nurse must look at what?
look at pts history
36
why does one VS change when another does?
body is trying to maintain homeostasis
37
is it normal for a pt to have an elevated temp when on an antibiotic
NO! MD should be notified
38
define hemodinamically stable
pt is stable with normal vital signs
39
3 symptoms of shock
-confusion -clammy skin -rapid/irregular breathing
40
negative feedback loop
when some function or output of a body system is fed back into the input
41
what vitals are affected by activity levels?
BP, HR, RR
42
what vital sign does eating effect?
temperature
43
what vital signs can medication and illness diagnose effect? What should you make sure of in this situation?
-all vitals -make sure to ask pt history before vitals are taken
44
define thermoregulation
body's ability to remain a certain internal temp
45
normal temp range what is considered a fever? what is a critical temp?
97-99.6 101 or above is considered a fever 103+ is critical and MD should be notified at once
46
define ferbile
fever is present
47
why is fever sometimes good for pt?
fever is the body's natural way of controlling infection
48
list 5 ways to take temp and where:
1. Oral: adults 2. Rectal: Babies or sometimes adults 3. Temporal: forhead 4. Axillary: armpit 5. tympanic: ear. Up and back for adults, down and back for children
49
3 things to note when taking someone's pulse
rate, rhythm, quality
50
Normal low and high MAP
low: less than 60 normal: 70-100 high: greater then 100
51
how do you find pulse pressure?
difference between systolic and diastolic
52
define orthopnea
difficulty breathing horizontally
53
define aferbile
NO fever present
54
what does MAP stand for?
Mean Arterial Pressure
55
What does 2+ mean when measuring pulse rates
normal
56
What does 4+ mean when measuring pulse rates
bounding
57
What does 1+ mean when measuring pulse rates
weak

Nursing Term 1: Fundamentals (29 decks)

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