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Nursing Term 1 ALY JENNA > UNIT 2 - Ch. 23 Med Administration > Flashcards

UNIT 2 - Ch. 23 Med Administration Flashcards

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1
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

Study of biomedical and physiological effects of drugs and study of mechanisms of drug action in living organisms

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2
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

Study of biomedical and physiological effects of drugs and study of mechanisms of drug action in living organisms

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3
Q

Define Drug

A

Any substance that either positively or negatively alters physiological function

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4
Q

Define medication

A

A drug specifically administered for its therapeutic effect on physiological function

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5
Q

What are Controlled substances

A

Drug or chemical regulated by the government, such as narcotics
( these drugs are documented when bought )

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6
Q

Define Pharmacokinetics

A

The study of how medication enters the body, moves through the body, and ultimately leaves the body.

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7
Q

What does ADME stand for in pharmacokinetics

A

Absorption (how it gets in)
Distribution ( how it moves in the body)
Metabolism (how is it broken down)
Excretion (how does it leave)

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8
Q

Define Pharmacodynamics

A

The process in which a medication interacts with body’s cells to produce a biological response

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9
Q

What is the therapeutic effect

A

Is the desired result or action of a medication

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10
Q

What is drug dosage

A

A dose of medicine refers to a single prescribed amount of drug given at one time (by the physician)

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11
Q

Define Local drug action

A

Affecting only the area where the drug is placed

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12
Q

Define systemic drug action

A

Affecting the entire body

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13
Q

What are the two categories of drug action

A

Local
Systemic

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14
Q

Define drug interaction

A

One drug alters another drug

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15
Q

Define drug interaction

A

One drug alters another drug

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16
Q

Define Potentiation

A

One drug increases the action or effect of another drug

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17
Q

Define Incompatibility

A

Drugs that do not combine chemically with other drugs

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18
Q

Define Antagonist

A

Drug that will block the action of another drug.

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19
Q

Unwanted effects of a drug are defined as?

A

Side effects

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20
Q

Toxic effects are defined as

A

Side effects that occur when the patient gets a toxic level of a drug

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21
Q

Define Adverse drug reactions

A

Harmful, unintended reaction to a drug administered at a normal dosage

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22
Q

Define idiosyncratic response

A

A rare and unpredictable response to a drug.

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23
Q

Define reduced response

A

The body tolerates the drug

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24
Q

Define Contraindications

A

conditions under which the drug should not be given

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25
Q

Define interactions

A

Modifications of the effect of a drug when administered with another drug, food, herbal supplement etc.

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26
Q

Define Drug half life

A

The time it takes for the amount of drugs active substance to be reduced by half in the body.

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27
Q

Define drug onset of action

A

The length of time it takes a medication to start to work.

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28
Q

Define Peak Plasma Level

A

The highest concentration of a drug in the bloodstream after administration

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29
Q

Define Peak Plasma Level

A

The highest concentration of a drug in the bloodstream after administration

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30
Q

Define drug Trough Level

A

The lowest concentration point

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31
Q

Whats are some factors that affect how patients respond to medication ( list 8 )

A

Age
Weight
Physical health
Psychological status
Environmental temp
Gender
Amount of food in stomach
Dosage forms

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32
Q

What is your highest priority when administering medication to a patient as a nurse?

A

Making sure that patient is receiving the proper medication, dose ordered by the physician (always double checking everything, including a physician)

33
Q

What are some things that go into a medication order

A

Patients name, DOB
Date and time of order
Name of drug
Dosage ordered
Route of administration
Frequency
Signature of physician
Instructions

34
Q

What is required when giving a controlled substance (list 2)

A
  • oder by a physician
  • witness to administration process
35
Q

What does M.A.R. Stand for

A

Medication Administration Record

36
Q

Why is MAR important

A

It gives the full history of medication administration to a patient.

Note: (Who gave the medication, who ordered it, what was ordered and how much was given, along with notes.)

37
Q

What are the 6 rights to MAR

A

Right medication
Right dose
Right time
Right route
Right patient
Right documentation

38
Q

Which is faster absorption Tablets, Capsules or liquid medications

A

Liquid medications are faster working because they go straight into the bloodstream. Whereas tablets, capsules and pills take longer to digest and absorb.

39
Q

What are ointments

A

Oil-based semisolid medication that is applied directly to the skin or mucous membrane

40
Q

What are some ways medications can be administered

A

Ointments
Creams & lotions
Patches
Eye drops
Nasal sprays
Eardrops
IV
Sub Q
IM

41
Q

What are transdermal patches

A

Patches that are attached to the skin and continually release medication slowly over hours or days.

42
Q

What is sublingual (SL) administration

A

Drugs that are administered by being placed under the tongue until it dissolves

43
Q

What is Buccal administration

A

A tablet is placed between the cheek and teeth, or between the cheek and the gums until dissolved

44
Q

What does ID stand for

A

Intradermal Injections

45
Q

What are Intradermal Injections

A

A needle is injected at a 15 degree angle into the top layer of the skin.

46
Q

What are Subcutaneous Injections

A

A needle is injected at a 45 degree angle into the subcutaneous tissue of the skin.

OR given at a 90 degree angle if the pt has ample subconscious tissue

47
Q

What are Intramuscular Injections

A

A needle that is injected at a 90 degree angle into the deep muscle tissue of the skin

48
Q

What are Intradermal injections used for

A

TB, skin tests, allergy sensitivity tests, local anesthetics

49
Q

What is the Z-track method to IM injections, why is it important?

A

Used to inject medications that stain the tissue
Skin is pulled taught and IM in injected. This is important because the medication then does not leak out of that tissue.

50
Q

Define a Unit dose

A

Prescribed amount of a drug or medication for a pt at one time

51
Q

Define Bioavailability

A

Portion or ability of a drug to enter circulation.
Subcategory of absorption

52
Q

Define Solubility

A

Ability of a drug to be transformed into a liquid state

53
Q

What are water-soluble drugs

A

Drugs that can be broken down in water, and therefore the GI tract

54
Q

What are lipid-soluble drugs

A

These drugs can penetrate lipid rich cells

55
Q

Enteric coated drugs

A

Cant be broken down by gastric juices, designed to delay effects and reduce stomach irritation.

56
Q

What are Timed-releasing drugs

A

Meds that are formulated to release slowly over hours or days

57
Q

Define target area

A

The site where the drug was administered, where the effects start

58
Q

What are Palliative effect drugs

A

These drugs relieve signs and symptoms of a disease but do not get rid of the disease itself (morphine)

59
Q

What are Supportive effect drugs

A

These drugs support the integrity of body systems until other medications become effective

60
Q

What are Substitutive effect drugs

A

These drugs replace either body fluids or chemicals of other drugs

61
Q

What are chemotherapeutic effect drugs

A

These drugs destroy disease producing microorganisms or body cells

62
Q

What are Restorative effect drugs

A

These drugs return or maintain a healthy level of body functions

63
Q

You got this!!

A

Don’t give up!!

64
Q

Sublingual drugs go where

A

under the

65
Q

What is a Diuretic

A

Fluid balancing med “water pill”

66
Q

What does T.R.A.M.P mean in medication rights

A

Time
Route
Amount
medication
patient

67
Q

What are the 6 rights to medication administration?

A
  1. Right medication
  2. Right dose
  3. Right Time
  4. Right route
  5. Right patient
  6. Right documentation
68
Q

list 3 other important rights to remember.

A
  1. right to refuse (of pt)
  2. right to know (of pt)
  3. right reason (of nurse)
69
Q

TRUE or FALSE: When giving insulin to a pt you must always have another nurse present.

A

True

70
Q

At what angle is a intra dermal injection given.

A

10-15 degree angle

71
Q

At what angle is a Subcutaneous injection given?

A

45 degree angle
(90 degrees in a heavier patient)

72
Q

At what angle would a Intramuscular injection be given?

A

90 degree angle, with V-track method

73
Q

What is a Bronchodilator

A

A bronchodilator is a type of medication (inhaler) that opens the breathing airways.

74
Q

What is needed on a medication order (list 8 things)

A
  1. patients name
    2.Date and time of order
    3.Name of drug
    4.Dosage of the Drug
    5.Route of administration
    6.Frequency of when the drug is given
  2. Signature of physician
  3. Any special instructions
75
Q

What are some factors that can effect Pharmacology

A
  • age
  • weight
  • gender
    -environmental temp
  • physical health
    -dosage forms
    -amount of food in stomach
    -psychological status
76
Q

NEVER RECAP A DIRTY NEEDLE

A

to the sharps!!

77
Q

Enteral

A

administered directly into the
GI tract

78
Q
A

Nursing Term 1 ALY JENNA (24 decks)

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