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Nursing Term 1: Fundamentals > UNIT 2 - Ch. 23 Med Administration > Flashcards

UNIT 2 - Ch. 23 Med Administration Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

Study of biomedical and physiological effects of drugs and study of mechanisms of drug action in living organisms

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2
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

Study of biomedical and physiological effects of drugs and study of mechanisms of drug action in living organisms

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3
Q

Define Drug

A

Any substance that either positively or negatively alters physiological function

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4
Q

Define medication

A

A drug specifically administered for its therapeutic effect on physiological function

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5
Q

What are Controlled substances

A

Drug or chemical regulated by the government, such as narcotics
( these drugs are documented when bought )

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6
Q

Define Pharmacokinetics

A

The study of how medication enters the body, moves through the body, and ultimately leaves the body.

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7
Q

What does ADME stand for in pharmacokinetics

A

Absorption (how it gets in)
Distribution ( how it moves in the body)
Metabolism (how is it broken down)
Excretion (how does it leave)

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8
Q

Define Pharmacodynamics

A

The process in which a medication interacts with body’s cells to produce a biological response

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9
Q

What is the therapeutic effect

A

Is the desired result or action of a medication

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10
Q

What is drug dosage

A

A dose of medicine refers to a single prescribed amount of drug given at one time (by the physician)

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11
Q

Define Local drug action

A

Affecting only the area where the drug is placed

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12
Q

Define systemic drug action

A

Affecting the entire body

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13
Q

What are the two categories of drug action

A

Local
Systemic

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14
Q

Define drug interaction

A

One drug alters another drug

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15
Q

Define drug interaction

A

One drug alters another drug

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16
Q

Define Potentiation

A

One drug increases the action or effect of another drug

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17
Q

Define Incompatibility

A

Drugs that do not combine chemically with other drugs

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18
Q

Define Antagonist

A

Drug that will block the action of another drug.

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19
Q

expected but Unwanted effects of a drug are defined as?

A

Side effects

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20
Q

Toxic effects are defined as

A

Side effects that occur when the patient gets a toxic level of a drug

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21
Q

Define Adverse drug reactions

A

Harmful, unintended reaction to a drug administered at a normal dosage

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22
Q

Define idiosyncratic response

A

A rare and unpredictable response to a drug.

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23
Q

Define reduced response

A

The body tolerates the drug

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24
Q

Define Contraindications

A

conditions under which the drug should not be given

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25
Define interactions
Modifications of the effect of a drug when administered with another drug, food, herbal supplement etc.
26
Define Drug half life
The time it takes for the amount of drugs active substance to be reduced by half in the body.
27
Define drug onset of action
The length of time it takes a medication to start to work.
28
Define Peak Plasma Level
The highest concentration of a drug in the bloodstream after administration
29
Define Peak Plasma Level
The highest concentration of a drug in the bloodstream after administration
30
Define drug Trough Level
The lowest concentration point
31
Whats are some factors that affect how patients respond to medication ( list 8 )
Age Weight Physical health Psychological status Environmental temp Gender Amount of food in stomach Dosage forms
32
What is your highest priority when administering medication to a patient as a nurse?
Making sure that patient is receiving the proper medication, dose ordered by the physician (always double checking everything, including a physician)
33
What are some things that go into a medication order
Patients name, DOB Date and time of order Name of drug Dosage ordered Route of administration Frequency Signature of physician Instructions
34
What is required when giving a controlled substance (list 2)
- oder by a physician - witness to administration process
35
What does M.A.R. Stand for
Medication Administration Record
36
Why is MAR important
It gives the full history of medication administration to a patient. Note: (Who gave the medication, who ordered it, what was ordered and how much was given, along with notes.)
37
What are the 6 rights to MAR
Right medication Right dose Right time Right route Right patient Right documentation
38
Which is faster absorption Tablets, Capsules or liquid medications
Liquid medications are faster working because they go straight into the bloodstream. Whereas tablets, capsules and pills take longer to digest and absorb.
39
What are ointments
Oil-based semisolid medication that is applied directly to the skin or mucous membrane
40
What are some ways medications can be administered
Ointments Creams & lotions Patches Eye drops Nasal sprays Eardrops IV Sub Q IM
41
What are transdermal patches
Patches that are attached to the skin and continually release medication slowly over hours or days.
42
What is sublingual (SL) administration
Drugs that are administered by being placed under the tongue until it dissolves
43
What is Buccal administration
A tablet is placed between the cheek and teeth, or between the cheek and the gums until dissolved
44
What does ID stand for
Intradermal Injections
45
What are Intradermal Injections
A needle is injected at a 15 degree angle into the top layer of the skin.
46
What are Subcutaneous Injections
A needle is injected at a 45 degree angle into the subcutaneous tissue of the skin. OR given at a 90 degree angle if the pt has ample subconscious tissue
47
What are Intramuscular Injections
A needle that is injected at a 90 degree angle into the deep muscle tissue of the skin
48
What are Intradermal injections used for
TB, skin tests, allergy sensitivity tests, local anesthetics
49
What is the Z-track method to IM injections, why is it important?
Used to inject medications that stain the tissue Skin is pulled taught and IM in injected. This is important because the medication then does not leak out of that tissue.
50
Define a Unit dose
Prescribed amount of a drug or medication for a pt at one time
51
Define Bioavailability
Portion or ability of a drug to enter circulation. Subcategory of absorption
52
Define Solubility
Ability of a drug to be transformed into a liquid state
53
What are water-soluble drugs
Drugs that can be broken down in water, and therefore the GI tract
54
What are lipid-soluble drugs
These drugs can penetrate lipid rich cells
55
Enteric coated drugs
Cant be broken down by gastric juices, designed to delay effects and reduce stomach irritation.
56
What are Timed-releasing drugs
Meds that are formulated to release slowly over hours or days
57
Define target area
The site where the drug was administered, where the effects start
58
What are Palliative effect drugs
These drugs relieve signs and symptoms of a disease but do not get rid of the disease itself (morphine)
59
What are Supportive effect drugs
These drugs support the integrity of body systems until other medications become effective
60
What are Substitutive effect drugs
These drugs replace either body fluids or chemicals of other drugs
61
What are chemotherapeutic effect drugs
These drugs destroy disease producing microorganisms or body cells
62
What are Restorative effect drugs
These drugs return or maintain a healthy level of body functions
63
You got this!!
Don’t give up!!
64
Sublingual drugs go where
under the tounge
65
What is a Diuretic
Fluid balancing med "water pill"
66
What does T.R.A.M.P mean in medication rights
Time Route Amount medication patient
67
What are the 6 rights to medication administration?
1. Right medication 2. Right dose 3. Right Time 4. Right route 5. Right patient 6. Right documentation
68
list 3 other important rights to remember.
1. right to refuse (of pt) 2. right to know (of pt) 3. right reason (of nurse)
69
TRUE or FALSE: When giving insulin to a pt you must always have another nurse present.
True
70
At what angle is a intra dermal injection given.
10-15 degree angle
71
At what angle is a Subcutaneous injection given?
45 degree angle (90 degrees in a heavier patient)
72
At what angle would a Intramuscular injection be given?
90 degree angle, with V-track method
73
What is a Bronchodilator
A bronchodilator is a type of medication (inhaler) that opens the breathing airways.
74
What is needed on a medication order (list 8 things)
1. patients name 2.Date and time of order 3.Name of drug 4.Dosage of the Drug 5.Route of administration 6.Frequency of when the drug is given 7. Signature of physician 8. Any special instructions
75
What are some factors that can effect Pharmacology
- age - weight - gender -environmental temp - physical health -dosage forms -amount of food in stomach -psychological status
76
NEVER RECAP A DIRTY NEEDLE
to the sharps!!
77
Enteral
administered directly into the GI tract
78

Nursing Term 1: Fundamentals (29 decks)

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