Medications Flashcards
Acetaminophen
non-opioid analgesic, pain relief. used for reducing fevers and joint pain. reduces hormone in the CNS that perceive pain
S/S nausea, Headache, loss of appetite, fatigue
monitor : pain levels, vitals (temp, HR and BP)
don’t take for more than 10 days for pain or 3 days for fever can cause liver damage!
Morphine
Opioid anaglesic - CONTROLED can cause constipation.
What do Adjuvant Anaglesics used for
they are originally therapeutic for something else but can have multi-use.
non- opioid anaglesics examples and functions
acetaminophen, NSAID’s - anti-inflammatory, pain killers and antipyretics
lisinopril
Ace inhibitor: Antihypertensive, brings down BP by preventing Angiotensin 1 (vasodilator) from converting to angiotensin 2 (vasoconstrictor) this decreases BP.
S/S dry cough, stop is angio-edema is present (swelling of the face, tongue, lips etc). monitor BUN and creatinine levels frequently for renal function.
monitor: BP, lab values, S/S, dry cough
Metropolol
Beta blocker- blocks adrenalin and other hormones from waking up the body, reduces HR and in turn redices BP to calm the body
BAN ASTHMA PATIENTS
monitor HR!! and RR
Nifedipine
Calcium channel blocker- block calcium from getting into cells, calcium excites cells. When not present they are calm, decrease HR, decrease BP - increased o2 to the heart
monitor: A and O status, HR, BP, lung sounds, sensations, edema.
NO GRAPEFRUIT JUICE.
Furosemide
loop diuretic, used to treat High Blood Pressure, HF, or fluid overload. When fluids builds up it causes the heart to work harder.
S/S tinnitus, headache, dizziness, polyuria, photosensitivity, electrolyte imbalances.
Monitor: BP! HR, urinary output, edema, weight, lab values, electrolytes. take in the morning to prevent nocturia. Avoid sunlight
Hydrachlorthiazide
Diuretic
Ace inhibitor suffix
pril
Beta blockers suffix
olol or lol
Calcium - channel blocker siffix
pine
Ferrous sulfate (Iron)
Antianemic, this is for a deficiency in iron, Iron is important for transporting oxygen in the blood.
may cause constipation
Folic Acid (B9)
prevents neural tube defects in children, promotes developmental growth.
S/S nausea, vomiting, dizziness, fever, weakness, SOB, skin rash or itching, wheezing or dyspnea, flatulence, distention, insomnia.
monitor nutrition and labs.
Caltrate
Calcium with Vit D3 treatment or prevention of low calcium levels in the body. important for bones, nerve transmissions , blood clotting and body functions
S/S arrhythmias, bradycardia, cardiac arrest, constipation, vomiting, nausea, cyncope, tingling
Monitor: lab values ( calcium 8.6-10) HR, BP, RR nutrition.
Docusate sodium
stool stimulant. can be used for occasional constipation or to prevent straining when passing a BM. May also promote water and electrolyte balance in stool & large intestine.
monitor stool output, do not take long term or if rectal bleeding is present.
Albuterol
fast acting bronchodilator adrenergic - RESCUE - opens the airways by relaxing smooth muscle.
S/S chest pain, palpitations, arrythmias, hypertension, headache, nausea. Dry mouth
Monitor: RR, HR, BP, rinse mouth out after each use- may cause fungi. Do not take with MAO inhibitors, may lead to hypertensive crisis.
always prime inhaler, check amount, discard when empty.
Atrovent
regular acting, Anticholinergic (bronchodilator) drugs block the action of a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine. This inhibits nerve impulses responsible for involuntary muscle movements
S/S cough, headache, nausea, hypertension, palpitations, GI irritation, dry mouth
Monitor: RR, HR, BP rinse mouth out each time!
no more than 12 doses in 24 hours (2 per hour)
What is a combo med
bronchodilator + steroid
Alprazolam
benzodazepine - “benzos” Antianxietycan cause drug tolerance or dependence. Do not take long term , or stop abruptly
S/S withdrawal symptoms, dizziness, drowsy, lethargy, rash, blurred vision, vomiting.
Depresses the CNS
Paroxetine
SSRI- anti anxiety - inhibits the reuptake of serotonin, making the body have more levels. serotonin is the feel good hormone so it promotes calmness.
S/S chest pain, edema, suicidal thoughts, dizziness, drowsiness.
monitor: orientation, labs, cause drug tolerance or dependence. Do not take long term , or stop abruptly. Do not take with MAO inhibitors.
What are Anticholinergics
blocks acetycholine - stops involuntary muscle movements
What is the ARB’s suffix
Sartan
Diphenhydromine
Antihistamine (Benadryl) - used for allergies but has a sedative effect for sleep and rest
S/S Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, impaired coordination, dry mucous membranes, dysuria, blurred vision, headache.
