Medications

Question 1

Acetaminophen

Answer 1

non-opioid analgesic, pain relief. used for reducing fevers and joint pain. reduces hormone in the CNS that perceive pain

S/S nausea, Headache, loss of appetite, fatigue

monitor : pain levels, vitals (temp, HR and BP)
don’t take for more than 10 days for pain or 3 days for fever can cause liver damage!

Question 2

Morphine

Answer 2

Opioid anaglesic - CONTROLED can cause constipation.

Question 3

What do Adjuvant Anaglesics used for

Answer 3

they are originally therapeutic for something else but can have multi-use.

Question 4

non- opioid anaglesics examples and functions

Answer 4

acetaminophen, NSAID’s - anti-inflammatory, pain killers and antipyretics

Question 5

lisinopril

Answer 5

Ace inhibitor: Antihypertensive, brings down BP by preventing Angiotensin 1 (vasodilator) from converting to angiotensin 2 (vasoconstrictor) this decreases BP.

S/S dry cough, stop is angio-edema is present (swelling of the face, tongue, lips etc). monitor BUN and creatinine levels frequently for renal function.

monitor: BP, lab values, S/S, dry cough

Question 6

Metropolol

Answer 6

Beta blocker- blocks adrenalin and other hormones from waking up the body, reduces HR and in turn redices BP to calm the body

BAN ASTHMA PATIENTS
monitor HR!! and RR

Question 7

Nifedipine

Answer 7

Calcium channel blocker- block calcium from getting into cells, calcium excites cells. When not present they are calm, decrease HR, decrease BP - increased o2 to the heart

monitor: A and O status, HR, BP, lung sounds, sensations, edema.
NO GRAPEFRUIT JUICE.

Question 8

Furosemide

Answer 8

loop diuretic, used to treat High Blood Pressure, HF, or fluid overload. When fluids builds up it causes the heart to work harder.

S/S tinnitus, headache, dizziness, polyuria, photosensitivity, electrolyte imbalances.

Monitor: BP! HR, urinary output, edema, weight, lab values, electrolytes. take in the morning to prevent nocturia. Avoid sunlight

Question 9

Hydrachlorthiazide

Answer 9

Diuretic

Question 10

Ace inhibitor suffix

Answer 10

pril

Question 11

Beta blockers suffix

Answer 11

olol or lol

Question 12

Calcium - channel blocker siffix

Answer 12

pine

Question 13

Ferrous sulfate (Iron)

Answer 13

Antianemic, this is for a deficiency in iron, Iron is important for transporting oxygen in the blood.

may cause constipation

Question 14

Folic Acid (B9)

Answer 14

prevents neural tube defects in children, promotes developmental growth.

S/S nausea, vomiting, dizziness, fever, weakness, SOB, skin rash or itching, wheezing or dyspnea, flatulence, distention, insomnia.

monitor nutrition and labs.

Question 15

Caltrate

Answer 15

Calcium with Vit D3 treatment or prevention of low calcium levels in the body. important for bones, nerve transmissions , blood clotting and body functions

S/S arrhythmias, bradycardia, cardiac arrest, constipation, vomiting, nausea, cyncope, tingling

Monitor: lab values ( calcium 8.6-10) HR, BP, RR nutrition.

Question 16

Docusate sodium

Answer 16

stool stimulant. can be used for occasional constipation or to prevent straining when passing a BM. May also promote water and electrolyte balance in stool & large intestine.

monitor stool output, do not take long term or if rectal bleeding is present.

Question 17

Albuterol

Answer 17

fast acting bronchodilator adrenergic - RESCUE - opens the airways by relaxing smooth muscle.

S/S chest pain, palpitations, arrythmias, hypertension, headache, nausea. Dry mouth

Monitor: RR, HR, BP, rinse mouth out after each use- may cause fungi. Do not take with MAO inhibitors, may lead to hypertensive crisis.
always prime inhaler, check amount, discard when empty.

Question 18

Atrovent

Answer 18

regular acting, Anticholinergic (bronchodilator) drugs block the action of a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine. This inhibits nerve impulses responsible for involuntary muscle movements

S/S cough, headache, nausea, hypertension, palpitations, GI irritation, dry mouth

Monitor: RR, HR, BP rinse mouth out each time!
no more than 12 doses in 24 hours (2 per hour)

Question 19

What is a combo med

Answer 19

bronchodilator + steroid

Question 20

Alprazolam

Answer 20

benzodazepine - “benzos” Antianxietycan cause drug tolerance or dependence. Do not take long term , or stop abruptly

S/S withdrawal symptoms, dizziness, drowsy, lethargy, rash, blurred vision, vomiting.

Depresses the CNS

Question 21

Paroxetine

Answer 21

SSRI- anti anxiety - inhibits the reuptake of serotonin, making the body have more levels. serotonin is the feel good hormone so it promotes calmness.

S/S chest pain, edema, suicidal thoughts, dizziness, drowsiness.

monitor: orientation, labs, cause drug tolerance or dependence. Do not take long term , or stop abruptly. Do not take with MAO inhibitors.

Question 22

What are Anticholinergics

Answer 22

blocks acetycholine - stops involuntary muscle movements

Question 23

What is the ARB’s suffix

Answer 23

Sartan

Question 24

Diphenhydromine

Answer 24

Antihistamine (Benadryl) - used for allergies but has a sedative effect for sleep and rest

S/S Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, impaired coordination, dry mucous membranes, dysuria, blurred vision, headache.

Question 25

Zolpidem

Answer 25

Sedative, Hypnotic - long term can cause memory loss of hallucinations. blocks receptors in the CNS - reduces stimuli.
can cause drug tolerance or dependence.

Question 26

Collagenase topical

Answer 26

(Santyl) Sterile enzyme debriding ointment - applied to wounds to take off dead skin or tissue.

S/S Tachycardia, fever, rash, dizziness, dysphagia, joint pain, redness around wound, dyspnea

moinitor: Wound site, RR, HR, hypersensitivity. WASH HANDS before and after application.

Question 27

cephalexin

Answer 27

Cephalosporin - fights bacteria to treat infections

S/S nausea diarrhea, indigestion, dizziness, headache, stomach pain

Monitor: labs monitor renal function, edema, bowel function, abdominal cramping.
Stop taking if hypersensitivity occurs, rash or allergic reaction. Do not take this drug if allergic to penicillin.

Question 28

Apixaban (Elequis)

Answer 28

Anticoaglulant - blood thinner!

S/S dizziness, easy bleeding and bruising.

monitor skin and bruising. Avoid cuts and trauma or straining something.

Question 29

What do Antibiotics do

Answer 29

Fights bacteria to prevent infections, can cause diarrhea.

Question 30

What do Corticosteroids do

Answer 30

reduce inflammation

Question 31

What do Mucolytic agents do

Answer 31

help in the excretion of mucous.