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BIO-2015/2016 > Unit 1 Topic 1- The Science of Life > Flashcards

Unit 1 Topic 1- The Science of Life Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the ___is the basic unit of life?

A

cell

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2
Q

unicellular?

A

organisms that are composed of only 1 cell

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3
Q

Multicellular?

A

organisms composed of more than 1 cell

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4
Q

What do cells contain tha carry out the cells life processes?

A

specialized structures called organells

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5
Q

what are all living things composed of?

A

cells

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6
Q

Multiellular: begin as___cell, contain___cells and___kinds of cells?

A
  • 1
  • many
  • different
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7
Q

In multicellular organisms, cellsdifferentiate to become what that then becomes a what?

A
  • specific tissue

- organism

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8
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

stable level of internal conditions

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9
Q

Do all living things need homestasis?

A

yes

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10
Q

Do all organisms reproduce?

A

yes

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11
Q

Reproduction is just the ___of__info to their offspring?

A

transmission

hereditary

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12
Q

What form does the transmission of hereditary information take in reproduction?

A

DNA or DNA like structure

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13
Q

In sexual reproduction info from how many organisms is passed down to offspring?

A

2

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14
Q

In a-sexual reproduction info from hw many organisms is passed down?

A

1

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15
Q

What is natural selection?

A

the theory that organisms that have certain favourable traits are better able to reproduce than organisms that lack these traits.

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16
Q

what is the most important driving force in evolution?

A

natural selection

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17
Q

Evolution by natural selection is driven in part by the____necessary for survival?

A

competition

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18
Q

Are all individuals able to reproduce to the same degree?

A

no

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19
Q

Do individual that have traits that give them advantages for survival and reproduction tend to pass these traits down?

A

yes

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20
Q

What is responsible for the multitude of life forms we see today?

A

descent with modification

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21
Q

What is ecology?

A

study of the relationships between organisms and environment

22
Q

Have humans had a small effect on environments all over the world?

A

no, we have had a large on

23
Q

How have humans destroyed the rainforest?

A

by cutting down the vegetation

24
Q

Living things have highly organized structures that must be maintain in their orderly state by a constant supply of…?

A

energy

25
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

plants and some unicellular ogranisms use this process to capture energy from the sun and convert it into a useable form (sugar)

26
Q

How do autotrophs obtain their energy?

A

by making their own food

27
Q

What are heterotrophs?

A

organisms that must take in food to meet their energy needs

28
Q

What are the six unifying themes of biology?

A

1) cell structure and function
2) stability and homeostasis
3) reproduction and ingeritance
4) evolution
5) interdependence of organisms
6) matter, energy, and organization

29
Q

How do organisms produce offspring exactly like themselves? What kindof reproduction is it?

A

a-sexual reproduction

30
Q

What are the two driving forces behind natural selection?

A

competition for resources and individuals that have traits best suited to obtian those resources and thus survive to reproduce

31
Q

What are the characteristics of life? Hint: there are six.

A

1) cells
2) organization
3) energy use
4) homeostasis
5) growth
6) reproduction

32
Q

Are multicellular organisms specialized to play a specifc or nospecific role?

A

specific

33
Q

What organisms contain many cells?

A

large multicellular organisms as opposed to smaller organisms which contain fewer celles

34
Q

What two levels are living things composed at?

A

molecular and cellular

35
Q

What do living things take in and organize in complex ways?

A

substances from environment

36
Q

Cells: specific cell___carry out particular___

A

structures

functions

37
Q

What do organisms require to maintain molecular and cellular organization as well as to grow and reproduce?

A

energy

38
Q

What is metabolism?

A

sum of all chemical processes that occur in and organism and all living things use energy in this process

39
Q

In most multicellular organisms cells and groups of cells are organized by their what?

A

function

40
Q

How does a cell control its water content?

A

by taking in or releasing water; if it takes in too much it will rupture and die

41
Q

Do multicellular organisms usually have more than one system for maintaining important aspects of their internal environment?

A

yes

42
Q

How do non-living things grow?

A

They grow by accumulating more of the material that they are made of?

43
Q

How do living things grow?

A

They grow as a result of cell division and cell enlargement

44
Q

What are unicellular organisms as in what do they result in?

A

cell division results in more organisms

45
Q

What is cell division?

A

Formation of two cells from an existing cell.

46
Q

Multicellular Organisms:___ ___ &____=____

A
  • cell
  • division
  • englargment
  • growth
47
Q

What is development? What is it produced by?

A

process by which an adult organism arisis, produced by repeated cell division and cell differentation.

48
Q

What is the result of development?

A

adult organism composed of many cells–one body has 50 trillion

49
Q

Is reproduction essential to an organisms survival?

A

no

50
Q

What is reproduction essential for?

A

species continuation

51
Q

During reproduction, many____have ways to combine the _____ _____ of individual members to produce_____ that are _____identical to parents.

A
  • species
  • genetic
  • information
  • offspring
  • not

BIO-2015/2016 (32 decks)

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