Unit 1 Topic 1- The Science of Life Flashcards
the ___is the basic unit of life?
cell
unicellular?
organisms that are composed of only 1 cell
Multicellular?
organisms composed of more than 1 cell
What do cells contain tha carry out the cells life processes?
specialized structures called organells
what are all living things composed of?
cells
Multiellular: begin as___cell, contain___cells and___kinds of cells?
- 1
- many
- different
In multicellular organisms, cellsdifferentiate to become what that then becomes a what?
- specific tissue
- organism
What is homeostasis?
stable level of internal conditions
Do all living things need homestasis?
yes
Do all organisms reproduce?
yes
Reproduction is just the ___of__info to their offspring?
transmission
hereditary
What form does the transmission of hereditary information take in reproduction?
DNA or DNA like structure
In sexual reproduction info from how many organisms is passed down to offspring?
2
In a-sexual reproduction info from hw many organisms is passed down?
1
What is natural selection?
the theory that organisms that have certain favourable traits are better able to reproduce than organisms that lack these traits.
what is the most important driving force in evolution?
natural selection
Evolution by natural selection is driven in part by the____necessary for survival?
competition
Are all individuals able to reproduce to the same degree?
no
Do individual that have traits that give them advantages for survival and reproduction tend to pass these traits down?
yes
What is responsible for the multitude of life forms we see today?
descent with modification
What is ecology?
study of the relationships between organisms and environment
Have humans had a small effect on environments all over the world?
no, we have had a large on
How have humans destroyed the rainforest?
by cutting down the vegetation
Living things have highly organized structures that must be maintain in their orderly state by a constant supply of…?
energy
What is photosynthesis?
plants and some unicellular ogranisms use this process to capture energy from the sun and convert it into a useable form (sugar)
How do autotrophs obtain their energy?
by making their own food
What are heterotrophs?
organisms that must take in food to meet their energy needs
What are the six unifying themes of biology?
1) cell structure and function
2) stability and homeostasis
3) reproduction and ingeritance
4) evolution
5) interdependence of organisms
6) matter, energy, and organization
How do organisms produce offspring exactly like themselves? What kindof reproduction is it?
a-sexual reproduction
What are the two driving forces behind natural selection?
competition for resources and individuals that have traits best suited to obtian those resources and thus survive to reproduce
What are the characteristics of life? Hint: there are six.
1) cells
2) organization
3) energy use
4) homeostasis
5) growth
6) reproduction
Are multicellular organisms specialized to play a specifc or nospecific role?
specific
What organisms contain many cells?
large multicellular organisms as opposed to smaller organisms which contain fewer celles
What two levels are living things composed at?
molecular and cellular
What do living things take in and organize in complex ways?
substances from environment
Cells: specific cell___carry out particular___
structures
functions
What do organisms require to maintain molecular and cellular organization as well as to grow and reproduce?
energy
What is metabolism?
sum of all chemical processes that occur in and organism and all living things use energy in this process
In most multicellular organisms cells and groups of cells are organized by their what?
function
How does a cell control its water content?
by taking in or releasing water; if it takes in too much it will rupture and die
Do multicellular organisms usually have more than one system for maintaining important aspects of their internal environment?
yes
How do non-living things grow?
They grow by accumulating more of the material that they are made of?
How do living things grow?
They grow as a result of cell division and cell enlargement
What are unicellular organisms as in what do they result in?
cell division results in more organisms
What is cell division?
Formation of two cells from an existing cell.
Multicellular Organisms:___ ___ &____=____
- cell
- division
- englargment
- growth
What is development? What is it produced by?
process by which an adult organism arisis, produced by repeated cell division and cell differentation.
What is the result of development?
adult organism composed of many cells–one body has 50 trillion
Is reproduction essential to an organisms survival?
no
What is reproduction essential for?
species continuation
During reproduction, many____have ways to combine the _____ _____ of individual members to produce_____ that are _____identical to parents.
- species
- genetic
- information
- offspring
- not
