Mitosis and Meiosis Interactive Video Quiz Sheet Flashcards
Chromatin shortens and thickens to form these distinct structures called____(Mitosis).
chromosomes
DNA is replicated during the stage between cell divisions called____(Mitosis).
Interphase
True or False: The division of the cytoplasm following mitosis is called cytokinesis?
True
The first stage of mitosis, the stage when the nuclear membrance begins to be reabsorbed into the cell, is called_____.
Prophase
As a result of meiosis, sex cells are formed that have___the numver of chromosomes of body cells.
Half
True of False: Pairs of identical chromosomes are also called homologous chromosomes.
True
True or False: Normal body cells share diploid because they possess one of each different chromosomes.
True
True or False: During meiosis, the DNA is replicated twice.
False–once.
True or False: In plant and animals cells, meiosis occurs only in germ cells.
True
Only___can undergo meiosis?
Germ
When a cell first to undergo mitosis, it loses its nuclear membrance and chromosomes are formed from chromatin. this stage of mitosis is called___?
Prophase
Chromosomes move rapidly toward the mitosis centers during___?
Anaphase
Sperm and egg cells result from a special type of cell division called___.
Meiosis
DNA undergoes a process called___when it is duplicated?
Replication
When a cell is not undergoing the process of mitosis, it is in a stage called___.
Interphase
If an organism possesses just four different kinds of chromosomes and yet it’s cells have a total of eight chromosomes, weight would be its___number of chromosomes?
Diploid
For the organisms descrived above in the previous question, its___number of chromosomes is four.
Haploid
Duplicated chromosomes are arranged in the middle of the spindle during___
Metaphase
The stage of mitosis that happens at the same time the cytoplasm divides is called___.
Telophase
Eggs are also called___.
Ova
The arrangement of microtubules that become visible during mitosis and that separate the chromosomes into equal groups is called the____.
Spindle
Telophase is the final stage of____.
Mitosis
Types of cells:
Mitosis
Meiosis
Mitosis- Normal body cells such as muscle cells, blood, and skin cells.
Meiosis- Germ cells in ovary + testes
Number of Divisions:
Mitosis
Meiosis
Mitosis- 1
Meiosis- 2
Homologous chromosomes pair:
Mitosis
Meiosis
Mitosis- no
Meiosis- yes-pair up in prophase I
Final chromosomes number:
Mitosis
Meiosis
Mitosis- 46
Meiosis- 23
Crossing over:
Mitosis
Meiosis
Mitosis- no
Meiosis- yes in Prophase I
Daughter cells:
Mitosis
Meiosis
Mitosis- 2 identical
Meiosis- 4 unique
What are gametes?
Human gametes are sperm and egg cells, each of which contain 23 chromosomes.
What key step occurs in interphase prior to cell division?
Duplication of chromosomes
What are homologous chromosomes?
Pairs of chromosomes that have the same genes, but possible different characteristics or alleles.
What process occurs between homologous chromosomes during Phrophase I?
Crossing over
What dissapear during Prophase I?
The nucleus disappears
What happens to the homologous pairs during Metaphase I?
They line up randomly along the midline of the dividing cell. Spindle fibers form one pole attatch to the centromere of one homologous chromosome. Spindle fibers from the opposite pole attatch to the other homologous chromosome of the pair.
What separates during Anaphase I?
The homologous chromosomes
How many cells are produced in Telophase II?
4
What are the differences between Metaphase I and Metaphase II?
Metaphase I- Homologous line up
Metaphase II- Single double stranded line up
Identify three ways that genetic variation can occur?
1) Random fertilization
2) Crossing over
3) Mutations
4) Independent assortment
Briefly explain how the three processes promote variation?
Mutations- changes in DNA, alleles.
Crossing over- homologous pairs cross. Allows diversity by allowing genes from each parent to intermix. Large amount of ways to exchange and end up with different genes.
Fertilization- each parent is allowed to randomly contribute a unique set of genes to a zygote.
