Cellular Respiration Flashcards
What is cellular respiration?
The enzymatic breakdown of glucose (C6H12O6) in the presence of oxygen (O2) to produce cellular energy (ATP)
What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 38 ATP
glucose+oxygen—> carbon dioxide+water+38 ATP
What is glycolysis?
A ten step orocess that occurs in the cytoplasm
what does glycolysis convert?
each molecule of glycose to two molecules of pyruvic acid (a 3-carbon molecule)
What kind of process is glycolysis?
an anaerobic process-proceeds whether or not O2 is present; O2 is not required
What is the net yeald of ATP per clugose molecule in glycolysis?
2 ATP
What is the net yield of NADH per glucose in glycolysis?
2
What is NADH?
Is nicotine adenline dinucleotide, a co-enzyme that serves as a carrier for H+ ions in the Electron Transport Chain?
What is the Link Reaction in glycolysis?
The pyruvic acid diffuses into the inner compartment of the mitochondrion (matrix) where a reaction occures to prepare pyrivic acid for entry into the next stage of respiration
What is the chemical equation for the link reaction in glycolysis?
pyrivic acid + acetic acid + co-enzyme A -> acetyl CoA + CO2 + 2 NADH
Where does the CItric Adic or Krebs Cycle occur?
Inner mitochondiral matric
What happeneds in the Krebs cycle?
The acetyl group detatches from teh co-enzyme A and enters the reaction cycle.
What kind of process in the Krebs cycle?
an aerobic process; will proceed only in the presence of O2
What is the net yielf of ATP per glucose molecule in Krebs cycle?
2
What is the net yield of NADH and FADH2 in the Krebs cycle?
6 NADH 2 FAD (serves the same purpose as NAD)
Krebs cycle: at this stage of cellular respiration, the oxidation of ___to___is completed.
glucose
CO2
*CO2 is a byproduct
What does the electron transport system consist of?
a series of enzymes on the inner mitochondrial membrane (cristae)
___electrons are relased from NADH and from FADH2 and as they are passed along the series of enzymes, they give up___which is used to fuel as process called____.
H+
energy
chemiosmosis
What is chemiosmosis?
By which H+ ions are actively transported across the inner mitochondiral membrane into the outer mitochondrial compartment. The H+ ions then flow back through special pores in the membrane a process that is thought to drive the process of ATP synthesis
What is the net yield of Electron Transport System ATP per glucose molecule.
34
At the end of the electron transport system, how many H2Oare formed when the electrons united with O2 at the end of the electron transport chain?
6
What is the function of oxygen in living orgnaisms.
6H2O are formed when teh electrons unite with O2 at the end of electron transport chian.
What is anaerobic respiration?
The breakdown of glucose in the ansence of oxygen, producing 2 ATP.
Anaerobic respiration is called____? and produces___ in univellular organisms, such as yeast, or __ ___ in our muscles, and in microorganisms.
fermentation
alcohol
lactic acid
In the absence of oxygen, anaerobic respiration consists of which two pathways?
glycolysis and fermentaton (both occur ein the cytoplasm)
Glycosis location in cell reactionts products ATP produced
cytoplasm
glucose
pyruvate, NADHx2
2
Kreb's Cycle location in cell reactionts products ATP produced
mitochondrial matrix
oxygen, acetyl CO-A
CO2, NADHx6, FADHx2
2
ETS location in cell reactionts products ATP produced
mitochondrial cristae
hydrogen (from NADH, FADH), oxygen
H2O
34
Fermentation location in cell reactionts products ATP produced
Cytoplasm
Glucose
Alcohol, lactic acid
2
