24.1

Question 1

What are the four traditional ways that bacteria have been classified?

Answer 1

1) structure
2) physiology
3) molecular compesition
4) reaction to specific types of stains

Question 2

What are three ways that archaebacteria are different from eubacteria?

Answer 2

1) archaebacteria have unusual lipids in their cell membrances
2) have introns in their DNA
3) their cell walls are characterized by the absence of peptidoglycan found in their cell walls

Question 3

What is the habitat of Methanogens?

Answer 3

Can only live in anaeroic conditions such as the bottom of a swamp and in sewage because oxygen is a poison to them, and can also live in intestional tracts of humans and other animals like cows.

Question 4

What is Methanogens method of obtaining food?

Answer 4

Harvest energy by converting H2 and CO2 into methane gas.

Question 5

What is an example of a Methanogen?

Answer 5

Methanolinea

Question 6

What is the habitat of an Extremehalophils?

Answer 6

Live in environments with high salt concentrations, such as the Great Salt Lake and the Dead Sea.

Question 7

What is an Extremohalophils method of obtaining food?

Answer 7

Use salt to generate ATP.

Question 8

What is an example of and Extremehalophil?

Answer 8

Dunaliella salina

Question 9

What is the habitat of a Thermoacidophil?

Answer 9

Live in extremely acidic environments that have extrememly high temperatures, such as hot shprins. Some can thrive up to 110 degrees celcius and at a pH of less than 7. Live near volcanic vents on land or near hydrothermal vents, cracks in the ocean floor miles below the surface that leak scalding hot water.

Question 10

What is the method of a Thermoacidophil for obtaining food?

Answer 10

Obtain energy for synthesis of food by obtaining energy from the synthesis of oxidizing sulphur.

Question 11

What is an example of a Thermoacidophil?

Answer 11

Thermoplasma

Question 12

What ar the three basic shapes of bacteria?

Answer 12

• Bacilli (like little sausages in a pile)
• Cocci (little circles clustered together)
• Spirilla (a spira shape)

Question 13

When cocci occur in chains, theyare called_____; grapelike clusters of cocci are called______.

Answer 13

• streptococci

- staphulococci

Question 14

What is motil mean?

Answer 14

The ability to move spontaneously and actively consuming energy in the process.

Question 15

What does non-motile mean?

Answer 15

unable to move on their own.

Question 16

What is flagella?

Answer 16

A hairlike structure made up of microtubules that function in locomotion.

Question 17

Aerobic? How do they get energy?

Answer 17

An aerobic organism is an organisms that can survive and grow in an oxygenated environment. Get energy through glycosis–sugars broken down.

Question 18

Anaerobic? How do they get energy?

Answer 18

Anaerobic organisms do not use oxygen to help them break down food into enregy. Use fermentation or a processes called anaerobic respiration?

Question 19

Gram negative?

Answer 19

Do not retain the purple stain and take up a second pink stain instead. Thin layer of peptidoglycan.

Question 20

Gram positive?

Answer 20

Retain the gram stain and appear purple under the microscope. Because they have a thicker layer of peptidoglycan in their cell wall than gram-negaitive do, they are able to retain the gram stain.