unit 1,monomers and polymers

Question 1

What are the 4 main groups of carbon based molecules

Answer 1

carbohydrate
nucleic acid
protein
lipid

Question 2

Elements common to all life

Answer 2

carbon
oxygen
hydrogen

Question 3

What is a polymer

Answer 3

Chain of monomers identical

Question 4

what reaction joins monomers together and what is the product

Answer 4

condensation, removal of water, splits water molecule into O and OH

Question 5

What reaction breaks down polymers and what happens

Answer 5

Hydrolysis and water molecule is added

Question 6

What type of polymer is made from monosaccharides and what bond joins them

Answer 6

polysaccharides and glycosidic bonds and is carbohydrate

Question 7

What type of polymer is made from amino acids (protein) and what bonds join them

Answer 7

polypeptide and peptide bond

Question 8

What type of polymer is made from nucleotides and what bonds joins them

Answer 8

Polynucleotides and phosphodiester bonds

Question 9

Examples of monomers and polymer of carbohydrates

Answer 9

mono- glucose and fructose
poly- glycogen cellulose starch

Question 10

Proteins monomer and polymer and examples

Answer 10

Mono- amino acids
Poly- polypeptide, enzymes, antibodies, haemoglobin

Question 11

Polymers and monomers of nucleic acid’s

Answer 11

Mono- nucleotides
Poly- rna and dna

Question 12

What is a monomer

Answer 12

a molecule that can be bonded to either identical molecules

Question 13

what molecule forms part of plasma membrane

Answer 13

lipids

Question 14

What two biological molecules are the main respitory substates

Answer 14

carbs and lipids (phospholipids)

Question 15

what do carbohydrates do

Answer 15

respiratory substrates , provide energy for cells, also used for stucture in cell wall / membranes

Question 16

what do lipids do

Answer 16

respiratory substrate, provide energy for cells , form a bilayer in cell membranes , make up some hormones

Question 17

what do proteins do

Answer 17

main component of cellular structures, forms enzymes and chemical messengers

Question 18

what do nucleic acids do

Answer 18

form polymers of RNA and DNA, this makes up genetic material of organisms, code for the sequence of amino acids that makes up all proteins

Question 19

why is it thought that all plants and animals share a common ancestor

Answer 19

only a small difference in the proteins we all share , 20 amino acids to build up these protein, all organisms use the same nucleic acids as genetic material