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Final Frontier Neuromuscular > UE Nerves > Flashcards

UE Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What Cord does the Axillary nerve come off of?

A

Posterior Cord

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2
Q

What are the nerve roots of the Axillary Nerve?

A

C5-C6

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3
Q

What Muscles are supplied by the Axillary Nerve?

A

Teres Minor
Deltoid

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4
Q

What sensory nerve does the axillary nerve become? And what area does this supply?

A

Becomes the Upper Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the arm

Supplies: Skin covering the lower half of the deltoid and upper part of the long head of the triceps.

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5
Q

Causes of injury to the Axillary Nerve? And effects injury can have?

A
  • Dislocation of the shoulder
  • Fracture of Surgical Neck of The Humerus

Effects:
- “Square shoulder” from deltoid muscle atrophy
- Sensory loss over lower half of deltoid

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6
Q

What Cord does the Radial nerve come off of?

A

Posterior Cord

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7
Q

What are the nerve roots of the Radial Nerve

A

C5
C6
C7
C8
T1

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8
Q

What bony landmark does the radial nerve travel down?

A

Radial Groove of the Humerus

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9
Q

What space does the radial nerve exit the axilla?

A

Triangular Interval/Hiatus

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10
Q

What muscles are innervated by the Radial Nerve?

A

Triceps
Anconeus
Brachioradialis
Supinator

All Wrist Extensors:
(Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus & Brevis, Extensor Carpi Ulnaris, Extensor Digitorum, Extensor Digiti Minimi, Extensor Pollicis Longus & Brevis, Extensor Indicis, Abductor Pollicis Longus)

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11
Q

Radial Nerve Sensory Supply

A

Lower Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Arm
- Skin of lower half of lateral side of arm

Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of the Arm
- Skin of back of the arm

Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of the Forearm
- Skin of back of forearm

Superficial Branch
- Skin of lateral half of dorsum of hand,
lateral two and half digits including thumb (palmar aspect as well)

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12
Q

Causes of injury to the Radial Nerve? And effects injury can have?

A

Radial nerve can be injured in axilla,
musculospiral groove, around radial neck

Midshaft Humeral Fractures

Can lead to:
Radial tunnel syndrome
Posterior Interosseous Nerve (PIN) Syndrome
Wrist Drop! (due to injury proximal to the elbow)

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13
Q

What cord does the Ulnar Nerve come off of?

A

Medial Cord

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14
Q

What are the Nerve Roots of the Ulnar Nerve?

A

Main contribution (C8-T1)

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15
Q

What structure does the ulnar nerve travel through when entering the hand?

A

Tunnel of Guyon

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16
Q

What muscle does the ulnar nerve pierce when entering the forearm?

A

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (Humeral and Ulnar Heads)

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17
Q

What muscles does the Ulnar Nerve Supply?

A

Dorsal Interossei (DAB)
Palmar Interossei (PAD)

Adductor Pollicis

A: Abductor Digiti Minimi
F: Flexor Digiti Minimi
O: Opponens Digiti Minimi

Flexor Digitorum Profundus (Medial Half)
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Lumbrical (3 and 4)

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18
Q

What is the Sensory supply of the Ulnar Nerve?

A

Supplies the 1/2 of 4th digit and 5th digit

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19
Q

What cords form the Median nerve?

A

Medial and Lateral Cords

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20
Q

What are the nerve roots of the Median Nerve?

A

C5
C6
C7
C8
T1

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21
Q

Which muscle does the Median nerve travel between when entering the forearm?

A

Enters forearm between two heads of the pronator teres

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22
Q

What structure does the Median Nerve Travel through entering the hand?

A

Carpal Tunnel

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23
Q

What is the Median Nerve Motor Supply?

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus (Radial half)
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Pronator Quadratus
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
Pronator Teres
Opponens Pollicis
Palmaris Longus
Lumbricals 1,2
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Flexor Pollicis Brevis

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24
Q

Median Nerve Sensory Supply?

A

Dorsal tips of 1st, 2nd and 3rd digits

Palmar skin of 2nd, 3rd, lateral half of 4th digits

25
Q

What kind of hand deformity is associated with ulnar nerve injury?

A

Partial Claw Hand Deformity

Hyperextension of 4th, 5th MCP
Flexion at 4th, 5th IP

26
Q

What kind of hand deformity is associated with Median Nerve injury?

A

Ape Hand Deformity

Wasting of thenar eminence, as a result of median nerve palsy

27
Q

What Cord does the Musculocutaneous nerve branch off of?

A

Lateral Cord

28
Q

What are the nerve roots of the Musculocutaneous Nerve?

A

C5
C6
C7

29
Q

What is the Motor supply of the Musculocutaneous Nerve?

A

Biceps
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

30
Q

What sensory nerve does the Musculocutaneous nerve become and what does this nerve supply

A

Lateral Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve of Forearm

  • Supplies the skin on the lateral side of forearm
31
Q

What trunk does the Suprascapular Nerve Arise from?

A

Upper/Superior Trunk

32
Q

What are the nerve roots of the Suprascapular Nerve?

A

C5-C6

33
Q

What is the Motor Supply of the Suprascapular Nerve

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus

34
Q

What portion of the brachial plexus does the Upper and Lower Subscapular Nerve arise from?

A

Posterior Cord

35
Q

What are the Nerve Roots of the Upper and Lower Subscapular Nerves?

A

C5
C6

36
Q

Motor Supply of the Lower Subscapular Nerve?

A

Subscapularis
Teres Major

37
Q

Motor Supply of the Upper Subscapular Nerve

A

Subscapularis

38
Q

What cord the lateral pectoral nerve?

A

Lateral Cord

39
Q

What are the nerve roots of the Lateral Pectoral Nerve

A

C5
C6
C7

40
Q

Lateral Pectoral Nerve Motor Supply

A

Pectoralis Major
- Clavicular Fibers; Shoulder Flexion
- Sternocostal Fibers: Shoulder Extension

41
Q

What cord does the Medial Pectoral Nerve come off of?

A

Medial Cord

42
Q

Nerve Roots of the Medial Pectoral Nerve?

A

C8
T1

43
Q

Motor supply of the Medial Pectoral Nerve

A

Pectoralis Minor

44
Q

What are the nerve roots of the Long Thoracic Nerve?

A

C5
C6
C7

45
Q

What is the motor supply of the Long Thoracic Nerve

A

Serratus Anterior

46
Q

What can injury to the Long Thoracic Nerve cause?

A

Winged Scapula aka Scapular Winging

47
Q

What cord does the Thoracodorsal Nerve come off of?

A

Posterior Cord

48
Q

What are the Nerve roots of the Thoracodorsal Nerve?

A

C6
C7
C8

49
Q

Motor Supply of the Thoracodorsal Nerve?

A

Latissimus Dorsi

50
Q

What is the nerve roots of the Dorsal Scapular Nerve?

A

C5

51
Q

What is the Motor Supply of the Dorsal Scapular Nerve?

A

Rhomboids Major and Minor
Levator Scapulae

52
Q

What trunk does the Nerve to Subclavius come off of?

A

Superior/Upper Trunk

53
Q

What motions are impaired with damage to the Axillary Nerve?

A

Shoulder Abduction
and
External Rotation

54
Q

What is a differentiating factor between Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Compression of the Median Nerve with hypertrophy of the Pronator Teres?

A

Forearm muscles are involved such as the (pronator teres, wrist flexors and extrinsic finger flexors)

(Not just intrinsic muscles of the hand)

55
Q

What ligaments covers the Carpal Tunnel?

A

Transverse Carpal Ligament

56
Q

What Nerve is compressed with “Saturday Night Palsy” and how does this occur?

Occurs when a person is sleeping with their head on the arm that is slung over the back of a chair or open car window.

A

Radial Nerve

57
Q

Does injury to the wrist or hand cause motor weakness to muscles supplied by the Radial Nerve?

A

NO

  • Radial nerve enters the wrist as the superficial radial nerve, which is SENSORY ONLY
58
Q

Is motor function affected in PIN syndrome?

A

No, Because the superficial sensory radial nerve has no motor innervation.

59
Q

What is affected in AIN syndrome? What can differentiate this from CTS?

A

No sensory components, purely motor is affected

absence of sensory deficits in AIN syndrome differentiates it from carpal tunnel syndrome

Final Frontier Neuromuscular (81 decks)

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