Types of Cerebrovascular Accidents Flashcards
What is a Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
Usually linked to an atherosclerotic thrombus
- causing temporary interruption of blood supply to the brain,
- Effects similar to that of a CVA but symptoms may resolve quickly (24-48) hours.
- may indicate a future CVA
Completed Stroke
A CVA that presents with total neurological deficits at the onset
Stroke in Evolution
CVA, that is usually caused by a thrombus that gradually progresses.
Ischemic Stroke
Once there is a loss of perfusion to a portion of the brain.
- there is a central area of irreversible infraction surrounded by an area of potential ischemia (penumbra)
Ischemic Stroke (EMBOLUS)
Associated with cardiovascular disease.
- Embolus travels through the bloodstream causing occlusion and resultant infarction.
- occurs with no warning and can often present with a headache.
What cerebral artery is most commonly associated with an ischemic stroke?
MIDDLE cerebral artery most commonly affected
What are common cardiac disorders that can lead to an ischemic stroke
- Valvular Disease (rheumatic mitral stenosis)
- Ischemic heart disease
- Acute MI
- Arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation)
- Patent Foramen Ovale
- Cardiac Tumors
- Post Cardiac Catherization
Ischemic Stroke (Thrombus)
atherosclerotic plaque develops in an artery and eventually occludes the artery or a branching artery causing an infarct.
- usually occurs in sleep or upon awakening after a MI or post-surgical procedure.
Hemorrhagic Stroke
Abnormal bleeding in the brain due to a rupture in blood supply.
infarct due to:
- disruption of oxygen to the brain
- compression from the accumulation of blood
What are some causes of a Hemorrhagic Stroke?
- Chronic Hypertension
- Trauma
Characteristics of a Hemorrhagic Stroke
- Severe Headache
- Vomiting
- High Blood Pressure
- Abrupt onset of symptoms
What is an Embolus?
Embolus: can be solid, liquid or gas originating from any part of the body.
