Coordination Impairments: Basal Ganglia Flashcards
What is Akinesia?
The inability to initiate movement as seen in late stage Parkinson’s Disease
- Freezing episodes seen in Parkinson’s
What is Athetosis?
Slow, involuntary, writhing and twisting “wormlike” movements.
- Greater involvement in distal UE’s
- Rotary movements of the extremities
- Includes face, neck, and tongue
What is Bradykinesia?
Decreased amplitude and velocity of voluntary movement. ;Slowness of Voluntary movement.
Characteristic of Parkinson’s Disease
What is Chorea?
Rapid, irregular, and jerky movements of multiple joints. “dance-like” quality
Associated with Huntington’s Disease
What is Choreoathetosis?
Combination of features from both chorea and athetosis
What is Dystonia?
Sustained involuntary contraction of agonist and antagonist muscles
What is Hemiballismus? Cause?
Large-amplitude, sudden and violent, flailing motions of the arm and leg of one side of the body.
Due to a lesion of Contralateral Subthalamic Nucleus
What is Hyperkinesis?
Abnormally increased muscle activity or movement
What is Rigidity?
Increase in muscle tone cause greater resistance to passive movement
What is Lead-Pipe Rigidity?
Uniform constant resistance felt by the examiner as the extremity is moved through a ROM.
What is Cogwheel Rigidity?
Series of brief relaxation or “catches” as the extremity is passively moved
What is resting tremor?
Involuntary, rhythmic, oscillatory movement observed at rest
- Typically decrease with voluntary movements
- Characteristic of Parkinson’s Disease
- Pill-rolling movement
