Types of muscles

Question 1

What are the three types of muscle in the body?

Answer 1

• skeletal muscle
• cardiac muscle
• involuntary muscle

Question 2

What is the general responsibility of skeletal muscle?

Answer 2

movement

Question 3

What is cardiac muscle?

Answer 3

• cardiac muscle cells are found only in the heart
• these cells are myogenic
  
  • they contract without the need for a nervous stimulus
  • causing the heart to beat in regular rhythm

Question 4

What is involuntary muscle?

Answer 4

• also known as smooth muscle
• e.g. walls of hollow organs such as the stomach and bladder
• they are also found in the walls of blood vessels and the digestive tract (where through peristalsis they move food along the gut)

Question 5

What are the differences in the fibre appearance of the type of muscle

Answer 5

• S - striated
• C - specialised striated
• I - non -striated

Question 6

What does striated muscle mean

Answer 6

muscle tissue in which the contractile fibrils in the cells are aligned in parallel bundles, so that their different regions form stripes visible in a microscope

Question 7

What are the differences in the control of different types of muscle cells

Answer 7

• S - conscious (voluntary)
• S and I - involuntary

Question 8

What are the differences in arrangement in the different types of muscle cells

Answer 8

• S
  
  • regularly arranged
  • so muscle contract in one direction
• C
  
  • cells branch and interconnect
  • resulting in sumultaneous contraction
• I
  
  • no regular arrangement
  • different cells can contract in different directions

Question 9

What are the differences in contraction speed in the different types of muscle cells

Answer 9

• S
  
  • rapid
• C
  
  • intermediate
• I
  
  • slow

Question 10

What is the differnece in length of contraction in the different muscle types?

Answer 10

• S
  
  • short
• c
  
  • intermediate
• i
  
  • can remain contracted for a relatively long time

Question 11

What is the differnece in structure in the different muscle types?

Answer 11

• s
  
  • muscles showing cross striations, striated muscles
  • fibres are tubular and multinucleated
• c
  
  • shows stirations
    
    • much fainter than in skeletal
  • fibres are branched and uninucleated
• i
  
  • muscles showing no cross striations
    
    • non-striated muscles
  • fibres are spindle shaped and uninucleated

Question 12

what are the differnet muscles?

Answer 12

1. I
2. C
3. M