Diabetes

Question 1

What is the effect of diabetes?

Answer 1

either your pancreas either does not produce enough insulin, or your body cannot effectively respond to the insulin produced

this means that blood glucose conc remain high - hyperglycaemia

Question 2

What is the effect of hyperglycaemia?

Answer 2

damage of many body systems - especially the nerves and blood vessels

Question 3

What is type 1 diabetes

Answer 3

• unable to produce insulin
• beta cells of the islets of Langerhans don’t produce insulin

Question 4

How is type 1 diabetes treated?

Answer 4

• cause is not known - the disease cannot be prevented or cured
• however, symptoms can be treated
• evidence suggest the condition arises as a result of an autoimmune response, where the body’s own immune system attacks beta cells

Question 5

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 5

• patients cannot effectively use insulin and control their blood sugar levels
• this is either because the person’s beta cells do not produce enough insulin or the person’s body cells do not respond properly
• not even glucose is taken up by cells - leaving it in the blood stream
  *

Question 6

How do cells not respond effectively to unsulin?

Answer 6

the glycoprotein insulin receptor on the cell membrane does not work properly

Question 7

What are the causes of type 2 diabetes?

Answer 7

excess body weight, physical inacitivty, and habitual, excessive overeating of refined carbohydrates

Question 8

Why are complications more common in type 2 diabetes?

Answer 8

• the symptoms are less severe and develop slowly
• only diagnosed after complication have already risen

Question 9

What other factors lead to type 2 diabetes?

Answer 9

genetic factors

age

race - asian and afro carribean descent

Question 10

What are common symptoms of diabetes?

Answer 10

• excessive need to urinate
• excessive thirst
• constant hunger
• weight loss
• blurred vision
• tiredness