Energy

Question 1

Why is energy needed?

Answer 1

• Active transport
  
  • e.g. uptake of nutrients
• anabolic reaction
  
  • build up of polymers
• movement brough about by:
  
  • cilia
  • flagella
  • contractile filaments

Question 2

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 2

• organisms make use of energy in the bonds of organic molecules such as glucose
• these bonds are formed during photosynthesis in plants and other photosynthetic organism
• light is trapped by chlorophyll molc
  
  • this energy is used to drive the synthessis of glucose and form CO2 and water

Question 3

What is repsiration?

Answer 3

• process by which organic molecules are broken down into smaller inorganic molecules
• energy stored in bonds used to synthesise ATP

Question 4

What is a metabolic pathway?

Answer 4

• series of small reaction controlled by enzyme

Question 5

What is phosphorylation?>

Answer 5

• adding phosphate to a molecule
• e.g. ADP is phosphorylated to ATP

Question 6

What are redox reactions?

Answer 6

• reduction is the
  
  • gain of electrons
  • or gain of hydrogen
  • or loss of oxygen
• oxidation is the
  
  • loss of electrons
  • loss of hydrogen
  • gain of oxygen

Question 7

What is a coenzyne?

Answer 7

• molecule that aids the function of an enzyme

Question 8

How do coenzymes usually work?

Answer 8

• by transferring a chemical group from one to another