Tumour classing

Question 1

A 45-year-old male patient is found to have a mass in the colon during a routine screening. Define the term “neoplasm” and discuss the key characteristics associated with this lesion.

Answer 1

lesion resulting from autonomous and abnormal growth of cells which persist after initla stimulus is removed

Question 2

what is a viscus

Answer 2

an organ in chest of abdomen

Question 3

Clinical Exam Question:

A 52-year-old female presents with a suspicious mass in her breast. A biopsy reveals the presence of neoplastic cells. In the context of this diagnosis, differentiate between neoplastic cells and stroma. Provide three distinguishing features for each, and discuss their significance in the context of cancer pathology.

Answer 3

Neoplastic cells
* derrived from nucleated cells
* usually monocolonal
* growth patternand synthetic activity

Stroma
* CT framework
* mechanical support and nutrion

Question 4

A 45-year-old patient presents to the clinic with a painless lump in the subcutaneous tissue of the upper arm. Upon examination, the physician notes a well-defined, firm mass measuring 2 mm in diameter. The patient reports that the lump has been present for several months but has recently started to grow rapidly. The initial biopsy reveals a neoplasm, and further investigations confirm that the tumor has reached a size of 2 mm by obtaining oxygen and nutrients through diffusion alone.

What factors contribute to the further growth of the neoplasm beyond 2 mm in diameter, considering its initial reliance on diffusion for oxygen and nutrient supply?

Answer 4

Creating a blood supply by releasein many growth factors to create growth of a vessel in the neoplasm

Question 5

what type of tumour tends to ouggrow its blood supply and cause central necrosis of the tumour

Answer 5

malignant

Question 6

what are the characteristics of a benign neoplasm

Answer 6

• localised and non invasive
• slow mitotic growth
• close resemberlance of notmal tossue
• circumscibed or encapsulated

Question 7

What are the characteristics of a malignant neoplasm

Answer 7

• poorly defined borders
• variable resemblance to origional tissue
• rapid growth
• invasive
• metastiseses

Question 8

what is the suffix of cancers

Answer 8

-oma

Question 9

Describe what an adenoma is in relation to neoplasm nomenclature

Answer 9

• benign
• from glandular epithlium (doesnt matter preneting gladular pattern or not)
• and also in some cases from non glandual epithelium BUT presenting glandular pattern

Question 10

Describe what an papilloma is in relation to neoplasm nomenclature

Answer 10

• beningn
• derived from stratified squamous epithelium and urothelium
• preset in macro/micro finger like projections
  *

Question 11

what is a benign tumour of smooth mucle called

Answer 11

leiomyoma

Question 12

what is a benign tumour of skeletal mucle called

Answer 12

Rhabodomyoma

Question 13

what is a benign tumour of cartliage called

Answer 13

chondroma

Question 14

what is a benign tumour of fibrous tissue called

Answer 14

fibroma

Question 15

malignant tumours arising from solid mesenchymal tissues are called

Answer 15

sarcoma

Question 16

what is a malignant tumour of smooth mucle called

Answer 16

leiomyosarcoma

Question 17

what is a malignant tumour of skeletal mucle called

Answer 17

rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 18

what is a malignant tumour of cartlige called

Answer 18

chondrosarcom

Question 19

what is a malignant tumour of fibrous tissue called

Answer 19

fibrosarcoma

Question 20

malignant tumours of epithlial tissues are called

Answer 20

carcinomas
e.g squamous cell carcinoma

Question 21

what are malignnat tumous of glandular epithlium called

Answer 21

adenosarcomas

Question 22

what is the name of a tumour that contains epithlial tissues, bone, and cartliage

Answer 22

tetroma

Question 23

what skin cancer never spreads

Answer 23

Basal cell carcinoma