Pituitary Flashcards
1
Q
what type of arterial supply does the pituitary have
A
Portal circulation
2
Q
what does the anterior pituitary make
A
- Growth hormone
- FSH
- luteinizing horomone,
- adrenocorticotropic horomone (ACGH)
- thyroid -stimulating horomone (TSH)
- prolactin
- endorphins
3
Q
What does the posterior pituitary secrete
A
- ADH
- Oxytocin
4
Q
What is the pituiraty- thyroid axis
5
Q
What inhibits prolactin
A
dopamine
6
Q
what hormones are made in the hypothalamus
A
7
Q
What are diesaes to the pituitary
A
- Benigns adenoma
- Craniopharygioma
- Trauma
- Apoplexy/sheehans
- Sarcoid/TB
8
Q
what are the 3 vital signs that tumours cause in pituiraty
A
- Pressure on local structures (e.g optic nerve)
- pressure on pituitary
- Functioning tumour
9
Q
what could pressure on local structures to the pituitary cause
A
- Headaches due to stretching of dura
- Visual field defects
- If tumour is sideways can cause cranial nerve palsies and temporal lobe epilepsies
- If tumour is downwards - CSH rhinorhoae
10
Q
What are conditions of a functioning potuitary tumour
A
- Prolactinoma
- Acromegaly and Gigantism
- Cushing’s Disease
11
Q
Describe a Prolactinomas and how to treat it
A
- More common in women
- Present with galactorrhoea / amenorrhoea / infertility
- Loss of libido
- Visual field defect
- Treatment dopamine agonist eg Cabergoline or bromocriptine.
12
Q
what causes cushings
A
Excess cortisol
13
Q
where are pituitary tumours the most commone: anterior or pituitary
A
anterior
