Cholinergic and adrenergic pharmacology Flashcards
In flight or fight describe the sympathetic stress response
Increased HR and contractibility
Dilation of eyes
Bronchodilator - more o2
Vasocindrvtion of skin
Vasodilation of muscle
inhibition of digestion
reduction in pain
increased muscle tone
In rest and digest describe the parasympathetic response
Descreased HR
Decreased respiratory rate
Increases blood supply to gut
constriction of pupils
increased GI motility
Building energy stores
Defecation, urination and sexual arousal
what is the Sympathetic Nervous System Receptor for vascocontriction
α1 (postsynaptic)
what is the Sympathetic Nervous System Receptor for Negative feedback (suppresses noradrenaline release)
α2 (presynaptic)
what is the Sympathetic Nervous System Receptor for Increased heart rate and contractility
β1
what is the Sympathetic Nervous System Receptor for Bronchodilation
β2
what do Alpha 2 receptor agonists do
act presynaptically to reduce noradrenaline.
Receptors are found in the brain and spine. They form the negative feedback loop of the sympathetic system.
Adrenaline stimulates all the ______ receptors
sympathetic
when is adrenaline used and concentrations
Cardiac arrest - 1mg IV 1:10000
Anaphylaxis - 0.5mg IM 1:1000
Too much beta 1 blockade can effect _____
beta 2 -bronchoconstriction can be a side effect of beta blockers, so we have to be careful with them in asthma
Which of the following are clinical uses for phenylephrine?
Decongestant nasal spray
Intra-penile injection for priapism
During a C-section birth to manage hypotension
As a cream to treat haemorrhoids
All of the above
E - direct Alpha 1 agonist, causes constriction of arteries and veins
Which of the following drug - action pairings are correct?
Metaraminol - treats hypertension
Tamsulosin - treats Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Salbutamol - directly acts on beta 1 receptors
Carvedilol - safe for use in patients with asthma
Isoprenaline - reduces obesity
A - false, its an alpha 1 agonist so treats hypotension by causing vasoconstriction
B - True, its action as an alpha 1 blocker relaxes the smooth muscle of the bladder wall
C - False, salbutamol is a beta 2 receptor agonist (2 lungs!)
D - False, beta blockers, especially non-selective ones, can exacerbate asthma
E - False, Isoprenaline is a non-selective alpha and beta agonist. Beta 3 receptor is involved in lipolysis but B2AR agonist drugs for obesity are still in research stage
what type of receptor agonist is salbutamol
beta 2 receptor agonist
what type of blocker is Tamsulosin
alpha 1
The vagus nerve supplies which nervous system
parasympathetic
