Truma and stress related disorders Flashcards
What is acute stress disorder
Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury or sexual violation in one or more of the following ways:
Direct exposure to traumatic event
witnessing in person the event
learning that the event occurred to a close family or friend
experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to adverse details of the event
Criteria for acute stress disorder
Presence of 9 or more symptoms from any of the 5 categories:
Intrusion symptoms: disturbing involuntary memory, stressing dreams, dissociative reactions
Negative mood
Dissociative symptoms:altered sense of what surroundings are, dissociative amnesia (common)
Avoidance symptoms: avoid external reminders, thoughts feelings
Arousal symptoms: sleep disturbance, outburst, hypervigilance, angry, hard time concentrating, exaggerated startle response
What are associated features of acute stress disorder
Extreme guilt
impulsive or chaotic behavior
anxiety:panic attacks(very common)
What are the highest rates of acute stress disorder associated with
interpersonal trauma (includes personal assault, rape, witness to mass shooting.
Who is acute stress disorder most common in
females
What is the duration criteria of acute stress disorder
3 days to 1 month after trauma exposure
When does PTSD usually begin
within 3 months after trauma
What was ptsd previously called
combat neurosis
shell shock
What is ptsd
exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violation in one of more of the following ways:
directly experiencing event
witnessing event in person as it occurs
learning that an event occured to a close family member or friend
experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to adverse details of the event
What is the diagnostic criteria for ptsd
presence of one or more intrusive symptoms
persistent avoidance of stimuli assoc. w/ event
negative alterations in cognitions and mood assoc. w/ event
marker alterations in arousal and reactivity assoc. w/ event
Lasts more than 1 month
Risk factors for PTSD
Lower SES (generally more violence)
the severity of the trauma
social support following tauma
PTSD is assocaited with what
higher levels of social, occupational, and physical disability
What are adjustment disorders
the development of emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to an identifiable stressor w/in 3 months of onset of stressor
must have 1 or both:
marked distress is out of proportion to the severity or intensity of stressor
significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning
not part of normal bereavement (not death of a spouse)
once stressor or consequences have terminated symptoms don’t persist more than an additional 6 mo.
OT interventions
Non-OT: Meds (benzodiazepines:anti anxiety, SSRI:depression)
OT: CBT, Relaxation training, writing and journaling
Diagnoses included
Reactive attachment disorder disinhibited social engagement disorder PTSD Acute stress disorder Adjustment disorder other specified trauma and stress related disorder
