Schizophrenia Flashcards
What are some neuroanatomical differences in the brain of someone with schizophrenia
Larger central ventricles increase in cerebrospinal fluid decrease in cortical brain matter smaller Thalamus larger hippocampus Hypofrontality too much dopaminergic activity
What prenatal factors can contribute to schizophrenia
Obstetric complications especially oxygen deprivation
maternal viral infections (rubella or flu)
What is the stress-diathesis model
Proposes that exposure to stress is required for people who are biologically predisposed to the disorder to go on to develop the disorder
a person has a specific vulnerability that acted upon by stressful influence this the disorder develops
Subtypes of schizophrenia
Paranoid disorganized catatonic type undifferentiated type residual type
What is paranoid type schizophrenia
Preoccupation with one or more delusions suspicious, guarded can keep social skills usually don't regress as much as others pretty functional and do well
What is the disorganized type schizophrenia
Marked regression to primitive, disinhibited, disorganized behavior active but in aimless, not constructive ways
Poor contact with reality
Thought disorder evident
inappropriate facial expressions and poor social skills
What is the catatonic type in schizophrenia
Common several decades ago but now rare
marked disturbance in motor function (stupor, negativism, rigidity, excitement)
mutism is common
need close supervision so they don’t hurt themselves
What is undifferentiated type schizophrenia
Can’t fit into any category easily
What is residual type schizophrenia
Presence of continuing evidence of the disturbance in the absence of the complete set of active symptoms or of insufficient symptoms to diagnosis of another type of schizophrenia
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Hallucinations
delusions
disorganized thinking
disorganized behavior
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Affective flattening or blunting Angola ( poverty of speech) blocking Poor grooming and hygiene lack of motivation Anhedonia social withdrawal
Premorbid signs and symptoms of schizophrenia
Schizoid or schizotypal personalities (quiet passive introverted)
as children have very few friends
have many somatic complaints
gradual decrease in functioning
peculiar behavior
inappropriate affect unusual speech bizarre ideas
Interventions for those with schizophrenia
Illness management and recovery assertive community training family psychoeducation supported employment integrated dual diagnosis treatment
Medications for those of schizophrenia
Typical antipsychotics
atypical antipsychotics
What is the epidemiology for schizophrenia
Equally prevelant among men and women
men have earlier onset
outcome for women is better
