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BDS2 BAMS > Trigeminal nerve 2 > Flashcards

Trigeminal nerve 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve?

A
  • Ophthalmic
  • Maxillary
  • Mandibular
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2
Q

What is the most important branch of the trigeminal nerve for dentists?

A
  • The mandibular

- Involved in dental blocks in the lower teeth

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3
Q

Where does CN V3 pass through to go into the infratemporal fossa?

A
  • Goes through the foramen ovale
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4
Q

Which one of the 3 openings coming from Meckel’s cave can you see on the base of the external skull?

A

The foramen ovale

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5
Q

Which of the cranial fossa is the foramen ovale found?

A
  • The middle cranial fossa
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6
Q

The mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve exits into the infratemporal fossa - there is no bone around it so it is not protected. What is an advantage and disadvantage of this?

A

Advantage: You can target the nerve more easily

Disadvantage: Can be more vulnerable to injury

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7
Q

What is the lateral boundary of the infratemporal fossa?

A

Ramus of the mandible

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8
Q

What is the medial boundary of the infratemporal fossa?

A

Lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

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9
Q

What is the anterior boundary of the infratemporal fossa?

A
  • Posterior aspect of the maxilla
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10
Q

What is the posterior boundary of the infratemporal fossa?

A
  • Tympanic plate, mastoid & styloid process
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11
Q

What is the superior boundary of the infratemporal fossa?

A

Infratemporal crest of the sphenoid bone

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12
Q

What is the inferior boundary of the infratemporal fossa?

A
  • Angle of the mandible
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13
Q

What are the 3 main sensory branches of CN V3?

A
  • Auriculotemporal
  • Buccal
  • Mental
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14
Q

The skin over the angle of the mandible is not supplied by CN V, what is it supplied by?

A
  • The cervical plexus with the great auricular nerve (C2,3)
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15
Q

What are the 5 main branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?

A
  • Auriculotemporal
  • Buccal
  • Mental
  • Lingual
  • Muscular
  • Inferior alveolar nerve
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16
Q

Where does the sensory component of CN V3 predominantly supply to? (3 points)

A
  • Temporal, jaw and part of chin
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17
Q

Where does the motor component of CN V3 predominantly supply to?

A
  • The muscles of mastication and a few additional muscles
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18
Q

What are the names of the branches coming from the main branch of CN V3? (4 points)

A
  • Meningeal branch
  • Branch of the tensor tympani
  • Branch to tensor veli palatini
  • Nerve to medial pterygoid
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19
Q

Are the branches coming off of the main trunk of CN V3 sensory or motor?

A

All motor apart from the meningeal nerve that is sensory to the dura mater

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20
Q

What will the meningeal branch supply?

A
  • Sensory information to the dura mater
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21
Q

What will the branch to the tensor tympani supply?

A

In the ear have 3 little bones that help with hearing - 2 muscles that will attach to different parts of the bones - these muscles control the vibration of the ear bones - to control how fast the vibrations happen in controlled by the tensor tympani - the nerve that innervates this comes from the main trunk of CN V3

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22
Q

What will the branch to the tensor veli palatini supply?

A
  • Muscle we will find on the soft palate which elevates the soft palate - innervated from the main branch
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23
Q

What will the nerve to medial pterygoid supply?

A
  • Muscle of mastication - nerve supply coming from the main trunk
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24
Q

What are the branches of the anterior trunk of CN V3? (4 points)

A
  • Deep temporal nerves
  • Nerve to lateral pterygoid
  • Buccal nerve
  • Masseteric nerve
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25
Q

Are the branches from the anterior trunk of CN V3 sensory or motor?

A
  • All motor apart from the buccal nerve that is sensory (NOT to be confused with the buccal branch of the facial cranial nerve)
26
Q

What do the deep temporal nerves supply?

A
  • The temporalis muscle
27
Q

What does the nerve to the lateral pterygoid supply?

A
  • The lateral pterygoid muscle
28
Q

What does the nerve to the masseteric branch supply?

A
  • The masseter muscle
29
Q

What are the 3 branches of the posterior trunk of CN V3?

A
  • Auriculotemporal nerve
  • Lingual nerve
  • Inferior alveolar nerve
30
Q

Are the branches coming from the posterior trunk of CN V3 sensory or motor?

A
  • All sensory apart from the inferior alveolar nerve that is mixed (sensory and motor)
31
Q

Why is the inferior alveolar nerve both sensory and motor?

A
  • Mixed nerve supply
  • As goes more inferiorly splits into 2 branches
  • Mylohyoid and also goes into jaw and different things happen
  • As you go down past mylohyoid the nerve is completely sensory
  • The motor part goes to the mylohyoid
  • Depends where you look at the nerve
32
Q

What kind of sensation does the mandibular division of CN V supply to the tongue?

A
  • General sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue (general somatic afferent) via the lingual nerve
33
Q

What is the name of the nerve that the lingual nerve carries which is a branch of CN VII?

A

Chorda tympani

34
Q

Where does CN V3 supply general sensation to (apart from the tongue)? (3 points)

A
  • The floor of the mouth along with the lower teeth and the gums
35
Q

What is trigeminal neuralgia?

A
  • Terrible pain usually in CN V3 & in CN V2 distribution
36
Q

Where does the buccal nerve supply?

A

To cheek & lateral gum

37
Q

Where does the inferior alveolar nerve & its branch, the incisive nerve supply?

A
  • The lower teeth
38
Q

Where does the inferior alveolar nerve supply?

A

To the skin of the chin & lower lip (both skin and mucous membranes) as the mental nerve

39
Q

Once the inferior alveolar nerve enters the mandibular foramen it splits into 2 nerves. What are the names of these and where do they supply?

A
  • Incisive nerve: supplies the teeth
  • Mental nerve: supplies general sensation to the chin, and mucous membranes
  • Both of these are sensory
40
Q

Where foes the inferior alveolar nerve supply before it enters the mandibular foramen? (2 points)

A
  • Supplies the mylohyoid & anterior belly of the digastric
41
Q

Where does the inferior alveolar nerve loose its motor component to?

A
  • Looses motor component to the mylohyoid
42
Q

Which nerve supplies sensation to the posterior lower teeth?

A
  • Main trunk of the inferior alveolar nerve (from V3)
43
Q

Which nerve supplies sensation to the anterior lower teeth?

A
  • Incisive branch of the inferior alveolar nerve (from V3)
44
Q

Which nerve supplies sensation to the lingual mucosa on the lower jaw?

A
  • The lingual nerve
45
Q

Which nerve supplies sensation to the posterior buccal mucosa on the lower jaw?

A

The buccal nerve (from V3)

46
Q

Which nerve supplies sensation to the anterior buccal mucosa on the lower jaw?

A

The mental nerve from the inferior alveolar nerve (from V3)

47
Q

What are the teeth general sensory supply? (5 points)

A
  • Anterior superior alveolar nerve (CN V2)
  • Middle superior alveolar nerve (CN V2)
  • Posterior superior alveolar nerve (CN V2)
  • Inferior alveolar nerve in mandibular canal (CN V3)
  • Incisive nerve (CN V3)
48
Q

What is the general sensation to the tongue? (3 points)

A
  • Pressure, temperature, pain
49
Q

What is the special sensation to the tongue?

50
Q

Which nerve does the anterior 2/3 of the tongue get general sensation from?

A
  • Via the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve via the lingual nerve
51
Q

Which nerve does the anterior 2/3 of the tongue get special sensation (taste) from?

A

Via the facual nerve (CN VII)

52
Q

The third division of the trigeminal nerve supplies sensation to the muscles of mastication, what other smaller muscles does it supply? (4 points)

A
  • Tensor tympani muscle in middle ear
  • Tensor palati (the latter via the branch to the medial pterygoid)
  • Mylohyoid
  • Anterior belly of the digastric (via in ferior alveolar branch)
53
Q

Which muscles of mastication elevate the mouth? (3 points)

A
  • Temporalis
  • Masseter
  • Medial pterygoid
54
Q

Which muscle of mastication depresses the mouth?

A
  • The lateral pterygoid
55
Q

Which virus found on the trigeminal ganglion causes shingles?

A
  • The Varicella zoster virus

- (cutaneous involvement in the distribution of CN V1)

56
Q

What are common signs and symptoms of shingles? (4 points)

A
  • Erythematous
  • Vesicular
  • Crusting rash
  • Burning sensation
57
Q

What is the Hutchinson’s sign of shingles?

A
  • Cutaneous involvement of the tip of the nose (external nasal branch of nasociliary nerve)
  • A positive Hutchinson’s sign increases the likelihood of ocular complications (nasociliary nerve)
58
Q

What are common ocular complications of shingles? (3 points)

A
  • Conjunctivitis
  • Keratitis (cornea)
  • Uveitis (anterior chamber of globe)
59
Q

What are the 3 anatomical features that can be damaged when trying to give an ID block to the trigeminal nerve?

A
  • Medial pterygoid muscle (if damaged patient can get trismus)
  • Parotid gland (if hit this patient will be in a lot of pain)
  • Facial nerve (if hit this may get facial paralysis but this is not perma nent)
60
Q

What does the facial nerve supply?

A
  • All the muscles of facial expression

BDS2 BAMS (57 decks)

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