Coeliac disease and bowel cancer Flashcards
What are common malabsorption diseases? (3 points)
- Pernicious anaemia
- Coeliac disease
- Crohn’s disease
What are common GI diseases in the large bowel? (4 points)
Inflammatory bowel disease:
- Crohn’s disease
- Ulcerative Colitis
Colonic Ca
What is meant by malabsorption?
- Issues stopping you from absorbing things altogether
What is pernicious anaemia?
- When the body can’t make enough healthy RBC’s because it lacks Vit B12
- The reason this happens is often due to the lack of stomach protein called ‘intrinsic factor’. Your body can’t absorb B12 without it
What is Coeliac disease?
- Common digestive condition where the small intestine becomes inflamed and unable to absorb nutrients
- It is caused by an adverse reaction to gluten
What is Crohn’s disease?
- A life-long condition in which part of the digestive system becomes inflammed
- Can be anywhere from mouth to anus
Can infections and tumours cause malabsorption issues?
- Yes
Which bit of gluten are people with Coeliac disease sensitive to?
- Sensitive to alpha-gliaden component of gluten
What is the true prevalence of Coeliac disease?
- 1 in 300
Give 6 examples of foods in which gluten can be found?
- Wheat
- Barley
- Spelt
- Rye
- Kamut
- Oats (usually contained with gluten grains)
What is the aetiology of coeliac disease? (3 points)
- Genetic - DQw2
- T lymphocytes
- Villous atrophy
What does enteropathy mean?
A disease of the intestine
What percentage of people with Coeliac disease show clinical effect and what can these be? (3 points)
- 30-40%
- Growth failure & oral ulceration
What is meant if someone with coeliac disease has a subclinical disease?
- No effects seen
- Have disease process but don’t have any symptoms but they will be malabsorbing
What are classic symptoms of Coeliac disease? (8 points)
- Weight loss
- Lassitude
- Weakness
- Abdominal pain/swelling
- Diarrhoea
- Aphthae/Glossitis
- Steatorrhoea
- Dysphasia
What is lassitude?
- Lack of energy
What is Aphthae?
- Small ulcer found in groups in the mouth
What is glossitis?
- Inflammation of the tongue
What is steatorrhoea?
- Excretion of abnormal quantities of fat within the faeces
In coeliac disease, What can you things can you have malabsorption issues with? (4 points)
- Iron
- Folate
- Vitamin B12
- Fat
What investigations can be used to detect Coeliac disease? (4 points)
Jejunal biopsy (most important)
- Capsule
- Endoscope
Faecal fat
Haematinics
Autoantibodies
- Serum Transglutaminase (antibody test)
- Anti-gliadin/anti-endomyseal antibodies
Where in the small intestine does most of the absorption occur?
- Jejunum and ileum
How can a gluten free diet help with someone with Coeliac disease? (3 points)
- Reversal of jejunal atrophy
- Improved well-being
- Reduced risk of lymphoma
Coeliac disease is associated with Dermatitis Herpetiformis. What is this?
- associated skin conditions (can be oral disease)
- Little skin blisters (granular IgA deposit in skin and mucsa) - in response to gluten
