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BDS2 BAMS > Skin soft tissue infecitons > Flashcards

Skin soft tissue infecitons Flashcards

1
Q

How can you classify infections by microbe? (3 points)

A
  • Bacteria
  • Virus
  • Fungi
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2
Q

How can you classify skin and soft tissue infections by anatom y? (2 points)

A
  • Superficial

- Deeper tissues

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3
Q

Give a basic description of Staph aureus?

A
  • Gram positive

- Cocci

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4
Q

What is the virulence factor of S. Aureus?

A
  • Panton Valentine Leukocidin toxin (toxin that attacks white cells)
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5
Q

What does the Panton Valentine Leukocidin toxin do?

A
  • In epithelial cells can punch holes into the membrane and get leakage of cell contents
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6
Q

What does pyogenic mean?

A
  • Pus producing
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7
Q

What are a few examples of pyogenic S. aureus infections? (3 points)

A
  • Boils, carbuncles
  • Wound infections
  • Abscesses
  • Impetigo
  • Mastitis
  • Pneumonia
  • Endocarditis
  • Bacteraemia
  • Osteomyelitis
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8
Q

What are a few examples of toxin mediated S. aureus infections? (3 points)

A
  • Scalded skin syndrome
  • Toxic shock syndrome
  • Food poisoning
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9
Q

What is another name for S. pyogenes?

A

Group A streptococcal infection

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10
Q

Give a description of S. pyogenes?

A
  • Gram positive

- Chains

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11
Q

What are the virulence factors of S. pyogenes?

A
  • Superantigens & toxic shock syndrome
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12
Q

What is a superantigen?

A
  • The effect of it on the immune system is massive compared to the amount of antigen present
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13
Q

What is a basic description of S. anginosus?

A
  • Gram positive

- In chains

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14
Q

What is the virulence factor for S. anginosus?

A
  • Intermedilysin (cytotoxin)
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15
Q

What is an example of an oral manifestation of S. anginosus?

A
  • Dental Abscess
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16
Q

What is a basic description of anaerobes?

A
  • Gram positive

- Rods: bacilli

17
Q

What is the virulence factor if anaerobes?

A
  • Alpha toxin (lecithinase)

- Breaks down the fatty acid in cells and cell membranes

18
Q

What is a basic description of the herpes simplex group?

A
  • DNA virus with envelope
19
Q

What is the virulence factor of herpes simplex?

A

Cell lysis

20
Q

What is an example of a disease caused by the herpes simplex virus?

A
  • Herpes Labialis
21
Q

What is an example of a disease caused by anaerobes?

A
  • Clostridium species

- Necrotising Fasciitis

22
Q

What is a basic description of candida albicans?

A
  • Yeast cells

- About 10x bigger than bacteria

23
Q

What is the virulence factor of candida albicans?

A
  • Phospholipase (breaks down phospholipids)
24
Q

What is a disease caused by candida albicans?

A
  • Candidiasis
25
Q

What are 2 diseases that affect the epidermis of the skin?

A
  • Impetigo & angular cheilitis
26
Q

What is an example of a disease that affects the dermis?

A
  • Erysipelas

- Common cause: group A strep

27
Q

What is an example of an infection which affects the hair follicles?

A
  • Folliculitis

- Staph aureus is an important pathogen here

28
Q

What is an example of an infection which affects the hair follicles but is deeper than folliculitis?

A
  • Boils (furuncle)

- Staph aureus is a classic pathogen for this

29
Q

What is the name of the disease which is multiple deeper infections of the hair follicle?

A
  • Carbuncles (multiple heads)
30
Q

What is an example of a disease which affects subcutaneous fat?

A
  • Cellulitis

- Common cause is Group A streptococci

31
Q

What causes severe odontogenic infections?

A
  • Strep anginosus and a mixture of anaerobes
32
Q

What is an example of a disease which affects the fascia?

A
  • Necrotising fasciitis

- Deeper infection are caused by staph, aureus and step. pyogenes

33
Q

What are 2 examples of disease which affect muscles in the skin and soft tissues?

A
  • Myonecrosis

- Gangrene

34
Q

What microorganism is a common cause of surgical wound infections?

A
  • Staph aureus
35
Q

What anaerobes are present in human bite wound infections?

A
  • mixed anaerobes
36
Q

What anaerobes are present in animal bite wound infections?

A
  • Pasteurella multicoda

- Gram negative bacteria in the mouth of dogs and cats

37
Q

What are the 4 treatment principals?

A
  • Diagnosis
  • Surgical debridement
  • Antibiotics
  • Review

BDS2 BAMS (57 decks)

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