Triangles & Muscles of Neck Flashcards
What is in the anterior triangle?
Digastric muscle, submental muscle, carotid muscle, muscular muscle
What is in the posterior triangle?
Occipital muscle, supraclavicular muscle, omohyoid
What are the borders of the triangles?
Trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, digastric, omohyoid, clavicle
What is the innervation, attachments, and function of sternocleidomastoid muscle?
Attachments: mastoid -> sternum/clavicle
Innervation: CN XI (spinal accessory) -> motor + C2, C3 -> sensory
Function: when both contact, turn head; when one contracts, tilt head
What is the innervation, attachment, and function of trapezius?
Attachment: upper nuchal line
Innervation: CN XI (spinal accessory) -> motor + C3, C4 -> sensory
Function: abduct upper limb
What layers are transversed when placing a central line?
Skin, superficial fascia, investing fascia, infrahyoid fascia, carotid sheath
What nerve is at risk during a central line placement?
Vagus nerve
What is being accessed in a central line?
Internal jugular vein
What is the triangle of central line lovingly called?
Ringo’s triangle
For lesions, what is something kept in mind?
Look where it is cut -> location impacts muscle!
What is the function of the suprahyoid muscles?
Swallowing!
What are the suprahyoid muscles?
Stylohyoid, posterior digastric, anterior digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid
What is innervated by cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)?
Stylohyoid, posterior digastric muscle
What is innervated by cranial nerve V (trigeminal nerve)?
Anterior digastric, mylohyoid muscles
What is innervated by C1 to thyrohyoid?
Geniohyoid
What is the function of the infrahyoid muscles?
Stabilize hyoid bone
What are the infrahyoid muscles?
Thryohyoid, omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid
What innervates the infrahyoid muscles?
Ansa cervicalis, except for thyrohyoid -> C1
What are the lateral neck muscles?
Rectus capitis lateralis, rectus capitis anterior, longus capitis, longus colli, anterior scalene, middle scalene, and posterior scalene
What flexes the neck?
Longus capitis, longus colli
What are the attachments of anterior and middle scalene?
Transverse processes -> first rib
What is the attachment of posterior scalene?
Second rib
What is the purpose of Sibson’s fascia?
Protect top of lungs from infection
What runs through the scalene triangle?
Brachial plexus
