Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy - Head/Neck 2022 (+Shelf) > Pharyngeal Arches/Tongue > Flashcards

Pharyngeal Arches/Tongue Flashcards

1
Q

When does the pharyngeal apparatus begin to form?

A

4th week of development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the parts of the pharyngeal apparatus?

A

Pharyngeal arches
Pharyngeal pouches
Pharyngeal grooves
Pharyngeal membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are pharyngeal pouches lined by?

A

Endoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are pharyngeal grooves lined by?

A

Ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does the pharyngeal pouch meet the groove?

A

Pharyngeal membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the components of the pharyngeal arch?

A

Aortic arch
Cartilaginous rod
Muscular component
Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the first pharyngeal arch form?

A

Maxillary prominence, mandibular prominence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the pharyngeal arch externally lined with?

A

Ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the pharyngeal arch internally lined with?

A

Endoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is contained within an arch?

A

Mesenchyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What membrane ruptures and forms the opening from the pharynx to the amniotic cavity?

A

Oropharyngeal membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the first arch cartilage derivative?

A

Malleus, incus, and Meckel’s cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the second arch cartilage derivative?

A

Stapes, styloid process, and lesser horn of the hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the third arch cartilage derivative?

A

Body, greater horn of the hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the third and fourth arch derivative?

A

Epiglottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the fourth and sixth arch derivative?

A

Laryngeal cartilages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What innervates the first arch?

A

Trigeminal nerve (CN V) -> mandibular division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What innervates the second arch?

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What innervates the third arch?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What innervates the fourth and sixth arch?

A

Vagus nerve (CN X)

21
Q

What muscles come from the first arch?

A

Muscles of mastication, mylohyoid and anterior belly of the digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini

22
Q

What muscles come from the second arch?

A

Muscles of the facial expression, stapedius, stylohyoid, posterior belly of digastric

23
Q

What muscles come from the third arch?

A

Stylopharyngeus

24
Q

What muscles come from the fourth arch?

A

Palato muscles, pharyngeal muscles, cricothyroid

25
Q

What muscles come from the sixth arch?

A

Laryngeal muscles, inferior pharyngeal constrictor, skeletal muscle of the esophagus

26
Q

What comes from the first pharyngeal pouch?

A

Tympanic membrane and the pharyngotympanic tube

27
Q

What comes from the second pharyngeal pouch?

A

Tonsillar fossa

28
Q

What forms when the second pharyngeal pouch is obliterated?

A

Palatine tonsils

29
Q

What comes from the third pharyngeal pouch?

A

Inferior parathyroid gland, thymus

30
Q

What comes from the fourth pharyngeal pouch?

A

Superior part of parathyroid glands, ultimopharyngeal body

31
Q

What comes from the pharyngeal groove?

A

External auditory meatus

32
Q

In about 50% of individuals, what is a remnant that is present?

A

Thyroglossal duct

33
Q

What occurs when there is a persistence of the pharyngeal grooves?

A

Brachial fistula/cyst

34
Q

What is branchial vestiges?

A

Normally pharyngeal cartilages disappear; remnants of cartilage or bony elements under the skin anterior to the inferior 1/3 of the sternocleidomastoid persist

35
Q

What is ectopic thyroid tissue?

A

The thyroid gland undergoes a migration from the oral cavity to the neck region. It is common for remnants of thyroid tissue to remain along the course of migration. The parathyroids also undergo a migration and are highly variable in their location

36
Q

What are thyroglossal cysts & sinuses?

A

Tubular remnant of thyroglossal duct, lies in midline of neck

37
Q

What are the neural crest cells defects?

A

Treacher Collins syndrome, Pierre Robin Sequence, DiGeorge Anomaly, Goldehar syndrome

38
Q

Treacher Collins syndrome

A

Malformed external ears, downward slanting palpebral fissures, malar/mandibular hypoplasia

39
Q

What is first arch syndrome?

A

Treacher Collins syndrome

40
Q

What is Pierre Robin Sequence?

A

Involves first arch
Micrignathia
Cleft palate
External ear defects

41
Q

What is DiGeorge Anomaly?

A

Involves abnormalities of the heart, parathyroid gland, face, and thymus gland (the degree to which the immune system is affected varies). Affected individuals will have
congenital heart disease, unusual facial features with low-set ears, a small receding mandible, wide-set eyes and are born without parathyroid glands

42
Q

What is Goldehar syndrome?

A

 abnormal development of 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arches
 characteristic features include microtia, mandibular hypoplasia, microstomia, skin tags and vertebral anomalies

43
Q

What are most of the tongue muscles derived from?

A

Occipital somites

44
Q

What are the occipital somites accompined with?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

45
Q

What is the somatic sensation of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue innervated by?

A

Vagus nerve (cranial nerve X)

46
Q

What is the visceral sensation of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue innervated by?

A

Facial nerve (cranial nerve VII)

47
Q

What is the sensory posterior 1/3 of the tongue innervated by?

A

Spinal accessory nerve (cranial nerve CN IX)

48
Q

What does cranial nerve X supply?

A

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy - Head/Neck 2022 (+Shelf) (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions