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LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy - Head/Neck 2022 (+Shelf) > Oral & Nasal Cavity > Flashcards

Oral & Nasal Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What is the roof of the nasal cavity?

A

Frontal, nasal, ethmoid, and sphenoid bone

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2
Q

What is the floor of the nasal cavity?

A

Palatine process of maxilla, horizontal plate of palatine bones

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3
Q

What is the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

A

Nasal conchae, frontal process of maxilla, perpendicular plate of palatine bone, medial pterygoid plate

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4
Q

What is the medial wall of the nasal cavity?

A

Nasal septum

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5
Q

What are the connections of the nasal cavity?

A

Nasopharynx, anterior cranial fossa, paranasal sinuses, pterygopalatine fossa, infratemporal fossa, orbit, oral cavity, outside world!

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6
Q

Where does the sphenopalatine foramen connect?

A

Pterygopalatine fossa

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7
Q

What runs through the sphenopalatine foramen?

A

Sphenopalatine artery

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8
Q

What can found in the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

A

Superior concha, middle concha, and inferior concha

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9
Q

What composes of the septum?

A

Septal cartilage, vomer, perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone

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10
Q

What provides passage from nasal cavity to nasopharynx?

A

Choanae

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11
Q

What sinus is found inside the ethmoid bone?

A

Ethmoid sinus -> ethmoid air cells

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12
Q

What is the conchae?

A

Bony projection covered in mucosa

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13
Q

What does the conchae do?

A

Create passages (meati) to direct airflow
Create turbulence and increase mucosal surface area to warm and humidify air

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14
Q

What are the sinuses?

A

Air-filled spaces in bones surrounding nasal cavity lined by mucous membranes

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15
Q

Where do the sinuses drain into?

A

Nasal cavity via meati

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16
Q

What are the four sinuses?

A

Frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal, and maxillary

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17
Q

Route of movement of chonae?

A

Chonae -> larynx -> trachea

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18
Q

What is the largest sinus?

A

Maxillary sinus

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19
Q

What is the asymmetrical sinus?

A

Frontal sinus

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20
Q

What sits under the sella turcica?

A

Sphenoid sinus

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21
Q

Where is the ethmoid sinus?

A

Medial border

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22
Q

How can we use the sphenoid sinus?

A

Access and remove the pituitary gland

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23
Q

Where is the sphenoid sinus drainage site?

A

Spheno-ethmoidal recess

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24
Q

Where is the frontal sinus drainage site?

A

Semilunar hiatus of middle meatus (via frontonasal duct)

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25
Q

Where is the ethmoid sinus drainage site?

A

Posterior air cells -> superior meatus
Anterior and inferior air cells -> middle meatus

26
Q

Where is the maxillary sinus drainage site?

A

Semilunar hiatus of middle meatus

27
Q

How can infections break through the ethmoid sinus?

A

Medial wall of orbit
Posterior ethmoidal sinus infections

28
Q

What does posterior ethmoidal sinus infection impact?

A

Optic nerve (CN II)

29
Q

What is difficult to drain?

A

Maxillary sinus (tilting head)
Intimately related to maxillary molars and superior alveolar nerves

30
Q

What is sphenoid sinus medial to?

A

Cavernous sinus

31
Q

Where does nasolacrimal duct drain?

A

Inferior meatus

32
Q

What forms the Kiesselbach’s Plexus?

A

Anterior and posterior ethmoidal artery (septal branch), sphenopalatine artery, greater palatine artery, superior labial artery

33
Q

Where does the submucosal venous plexus drain?

A

Sphenopalatine vein, facial vein, superior ophthalmic vein, pterygoid plexus (to ITF)

34
Q

What is the GSA innervation of the nasal cavity?

A

CN V1/V2

35
Q

What is the GVE parasympathetic innervation of nasal cavity?

A

Greater petrosal nerve via CN VII
Synapses at PPG

36
Q

What is the GVE sympathetic innervation of nasal cavity?

A

T1-T4 via external carotid nerves

37
Q

Where does lymph from anterior nasal cavity drain?

A

Submandibular nodes

38
Q

Where does lymph from the posterior nasal cavity drain?

A

Superior deep cervical nodes

39
Q

What is the roof of the oral cavity?

A

Hard & soft palate

40
Q

What is the floor of the oral cavity?

A

Soft tissue (tongue, musculature)

41
Q

What is the lateral border of oral cavity?

A

Cheek, buccinator

42
Q

What are the regions of oral cavity?

A

Oral vestibule, oral cavity proper

43
Q

What are the bones of the oral cavity?

A

Maxilla, palatine, mandible, hyoid, temporal, sphenoid

44
Q

What are the oral cavity connections?

A

Nasal cavity, oropharynx, outside world

45
Q

What makes up the “hammock” of the oral cavity?

A

Mylohyoid & geniohyoid muscles

46
Q

What does the mylohyoid & geniohyoid do?

A

Depress mandible

47
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, palatoglossus

48
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue (except one) innervated by?

A

CN XII

49
Q

What extrinsic tongue muscle is the exception? How so?

A

Palatoglossus -> CN X

50
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the anterior 2/3 portion of the tongue?

A

GSA: lingual nerve (CN V3)
SVA: chorda tympani (CN VII)

51
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the posterior 1/3 portion of the tongue?

A

GVA: glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
SVA: glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

52
Q

What occurs when lingual nerve is injured to tongue?

A

Loss of general sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue

53
Q

What occurs when chorda tympani is injured to tongue?

A

Loss of taste sensation on anterior 2/3 of tongue + dry mouth

54
Q

When occurs when complete lingual nerve + chorda tympani are injured to tongue?

A

Loss of general sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue
Loss of taste sensation on anterior 2/3 of tongue + dry mouth
Dry mouth

55
Q

What is the blood supply of the tongue, sublingual gland, gingivae, and oral mucosa?

A

Lingual artery

56
Q

What is the venous drainage of the tongue?

A

Dorsal lingual veins and deep lingual veins to internal jugular vein

57
Q

What is the lymph drainage of tongue?

A

Bilateral lymph drainage!

58
Q

What is the innervation of the salivary glands (submandibular and sublingual glands)

A

GVE para: CN VII
(chorda tympani)
GVE sym: T1-T4
GSA CT capsule: CN V3

59
Q

What is the blood supply/venous drainage of tongue?

A

Facial a/v (submandibular)
Lingual a/v

60
Q

What is the lymph drainage of salivary glands?

A

Submandibular nodes

61
Q

Lingual nerve goes… the submandibular duct, which can cause…

A

Underneath, loss of anterior 2/3 of tongue taste & sensation

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy - Head/Neck 2022 (+Shelf) (29 decks)

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