Fascia and Spaces of Neck Flashcards
What is the neck, in simplified terms?
Big tube with a bunch of little tubes
What is the main function of the neck?
Support head and hold important vasculature
What are components of the neck?
Everything: muscle, bone, arteries, veins, nerves, lymph
What can the compartments of the fascia and skin cause?
Direct spread of infections
What are the purpose of the bones in the neck?
Support spinal cord and head
What are the bones of the neck?
Hyoid and vertebrae
What is found near the hyoid bone?
Larynx
What are the function of the muscles in the neck?
Move head
Where do the arteries of the neck come off of?
Arch of aorta
What moves upward?
Arteries
What moves downward?
Veins and lymphatics
What are parasympathetic nerves?
Cranial nerves
What are somatic nerves?
Cervical plexus
What viscera is found in the neck?
Esophagus, thyroid, parathyroids
What is the superior border?
Mandible to back of skull
What is the inferior border?
Superior thoracic aperture
What is the laryngeal structure?
Hyoid bone
What can cause a hyoid fracture?
Choking, and only choking
Where is the hyoid bone relative to the cervical spine?
C3, C4
What cannot be seen clearly, but is present, on an MRI?
Cricoid cartilage
What runs in the transverse foramen?
Vertebral artery
What is the superficial cervical fascia?
Subcutaneous connective tissue, fatty and deeper fibrous layer
What is found inside the superficial cervical fascia?
Superficial nerves, vessels, lymph nodes, and platysma muscle
What is the investing fascia?
Completely surrounds the neck; arises from skull and mandible and extends inferiorly to the sternum, clavicles, manubrium
What does the investing fascia surround?
Sternum, clavicles, manubrium, trapezius, sternocleidomastoid
What is the infrahyoid fascia?
Begins at hyoid bone, forms an investing fascia for the infrahyoid muscles; superficial and deep
layers; continuous across the midline
What is the pretracheal fascia?
a continuous fascial tube that surrounds the viscera in the neck
Two parts: pre-tracheal proper and buccopharyngeal
Where does pre-tracheal proper fascia?
Attaches to the hyoid bone above and fibrous pericardium below
Where does buccopharyngeal fascia attach?
Attaches to base of the skull, covering the buccinator and
pharyngeal constrictors, fuses with pre-tracheal, fuses with adventitia of esophagus
What is prevertebral fascia?
Attaches to base of skull and vertebrae and encloses the deep muscles, has specializations: alar fascia, axillary sheath and Sibson’s fascia (top of lungs)
What is contained inside the carotid sheath?
Carotid artery + jugular vein, vagus nerve, lymph
What is the function/innervation of platysma?
Wrinkle skin, innervated by cranial nerve VII -> facial nerve
What is unique about the platysma?
No bone attachments!
What is platysma used in?
Neck lifts
What is a?
Pretracheal fascia
What is b?
Deep to prevertebral layer
What is c?
Between buccopharyngeal and alar fascia
DANGER SPACE
What is d?
Between alar/buccopharyngeal fascia and prevertebral layer
What has occurred?
Retroperitoneal abscess
